连云港藤花落遗址土壤粒度及重金属累积特征

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.03.349

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对江苏北部连云港龙山文化时期藤花落遗址城市生活区（L1）剖面和农业生产区（L2）剖面土壤重金属累积及土壤粒度特征分析发现,龙山文化时期人类活动已经出现明显土壤重金属累积,但影响仅局限人类生活区,农业生产区无累积现象;Cu、Pb和Zn累积最为明显,富集指数分别达到1.91、1.35和1.29,该遗址文明已进入铜石并用时代。同时分析土壤粒度发现,遗址文明存在期间曾发生过大规模或长时间水患事件,破坏农业生产条件,最终导致整个文明走向衰落。重金属累积及土壤粒度的综合分析,揭示史前文明演变的过程及其与自然环境变迁的规律。

关键词: 藤花落遗址, 龙山文化, 重金属累积, 粒度, 江苏省

Abstract:

The Neolithic Tenghualuo Site in Lianyungang, which belongs to Longshan period, is the first prehistory city of China with both inner and outer structure ever been discovered. According to the analysis on the heavy-metal accumulation and grain size of profile(L1) and agricultural production area profile(L2) in the city residential area, respectively, it was found that anthropogenic-related accumulation of heavy metals in soil already had occurred in Longshan period, but only appeared in the city residential area. Cu, Pb and Zn accumulated the most obvious, whose enrichment factor values are 1.91, 1.35 and 1.29 respectively. Compared with the discovery of bronze archaeology, it can be sure that Tenghualuo Site has been in Chalcolithic Age. Meanwhile, the research of soil grain size based on soil source components separation method revealed that the soil in residential area had relatively unique parent material because of city protection during 4 500-4 200 a B.P., large-scale or prolonged flooding events have occurred in agricultural production area during this period, by which the proportion of diluvium was 30%, and this may destroy agricultural production condition, and causes the heavy-metal accumulation decline, eventually lead to the entire civilization disappeared. The findings above show that although the city can protect original society, the changes of natural environment still have decisive influence on original agricultural production, which finally decided the vicissitude of prehistoric civilization.

Key words: Tenghualuo Site, Longshan culture, heavy-metal accumulation, grain size, Jiangsu province

中图分类号:

周华, 廖富强, 徐明星, 周生路, 吴绍华. 连云港藤花落遗址土壤粒度及重金属累积特征[J]. 地理科学, 2013, 33(3): 349-355.

Hua ZHOU, Fu-qiang LIAO, Ming-xing XU, Sheng-lu ZHOU, Shao-hua WU. Characteristics of Soil Grain Size and Heavy-metal Accumulation of the Tenghualuo Site in Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2013, 33(3): 349-355.

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元素	剖面
	L1					L2
	Ni/Ti	Cr/Ti	Cu/Ti	Pb/Ti	Zn/Ti	Ni/Ti	Cr/Ti	Cu/Ti	Pb/Ti	Zn/Ti
Ni/Ti	1					1
Cr/Ti	0.45	1				0.224	1
Cu/Ti	0.267	0.067	1			-0.564	0.188	1
Pb/Ti	0.15	-0.15	0.567	1		0.018	0.539	0.248	1
Zn/Ti	0.2	0.183	0.767^*	0.667^*	1	0.564	0.261	-0.285	0.479	1

元素	基准值(mg/kg)*	标准差(mg/kg)*	EF_b_max	EF_b_min
Ni	32.8	9	1.19	0.65
Cr	75.6	3	1.32	0.83
Cu	23.4	7.2	1.24	0.55
Pb	22	6	1.19	0.65
Zn	64.8	15.1	1.13	0.76
Ti	4564	688	-	-