地理科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 1-9.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2014.01.1

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区域城镇空间格局的识别方法及案例分析

高晓路(), 季珏, 樊杰   

  1. 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101
  • 收稿日期:2012-10-09 修回日期:2013-03-25 出版日期:2014-01-10 发布日期:2013-11-18
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:高晓路(1969-),女,内蒙古包头市,研究员,主要从事微观城市地理分析、城市环境评价、城市发展政策研究。E-mail:gaoxl@igsnrr.ac.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划(2012BAI32B07)、中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-06)、国家自然科学基金(41171138)资助

An Analytical Tool for Identifying the Regional Structure of Urban System

Xiao-lu GAO(), Jue JI, Jie FAN   

  1. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2012-10-09 Revised:2013-03-25 Online:2014-01-10 Published:2013-11-18

摘要:

通过分析城镇之间的空间关系,探讨了区域城镇空间格局的定量化识别方法。该方法包含3个步骤:一是通过人口、产业或交通优势度的分析,识别具有较大发展潜力的城市、城镇或城镇集聚区(空间节点)。二是以空间节点之间的交通联系及其未来发展变化情况为依据,利用多维尺度分析方法展现城镇之间的空间关系(空间联系)。三是确定城镇空间影响范围,进而确定城镇空间体系的整体架构(空间圈域)。以广西西江流域7个地级市为例,运用该方法,分析了2000年以来广西西江黄金水道及区域性综合交通体系的建设对区域城镇体系产生的影响,对未来城镇空间格局的变化进行了预测。

关键词: 城镇体系, 空间结构, 交通优势度, 多维尺度分析, 可视化

Abstract:

Urban planners usually faced the problem of how to visualize the regional structure of urban with a quantitative method when the relationships among cities are complicated. Representing the regional structure of urban system with points (cities), lines (segmentation), and polygons (describing the influence area of cities), this article constitutes an analytical approach for identifying the spatial structure of cities in a region. A three-step procedure was proposed. First, cities with advantageous scales, good transportation conditions, and social and economic impacts in the region are chosen as critical nodes in the urban system, which are also considered to have potential for further development. Second, with a multi-scale analysis method, the spatial relation of the cities represented by such indices as traffic distance, time and cost, regional disparity, hours and the people, goods and capita are explored, whereby the cities are depicted as points on a Euclidean space, the distances of which reflecting the intensity of spatial interactions between cities. Accordingly, the concentration and departure of cities can be interpreted from the redefined locations. Third, the spheres of influence of the cities are examined, and the overall spatial pattern of the region, such as core, cluster and belt structures, connection and expanding directions, is clarified. The above method is applied to cities in the Xijiang Economic Region in Guangxi Province, China. The changes of urban structures over three periods are revealed, namely, when intra-city transportation mostly relied on low-hierarchy road and railway (before the 1990s), when express highways became the dominant (in the 2000s), and when a comprehensive transportation system consisting of highway, high-speed train and waterway transportation is put to use (under construction right now). It is found that, with the development of transportation system, connections among cities varied dramatically. For example, the city of Wuzhou was fairly isolated in the 1990s due to lack of railway connection with other cities, but in the 2000s, the distance was shortened by express highways and this trend will be further enhanced in the future. As a result, a triangle core and a belt structure will form in the region. The example demonstrated that the proposed approach is an effective tool for analyzing and predicting the development of regional spatial structures.

Key words: urban system, regional spatial structure, transportation advantageous scale, multi-scale analysis, visualization

中图分类号: 

  • K90