地理科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 1353-1360.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2014.011.1353

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景区边缘型乡村旅游地人居环境演变特征及影响机制研究——以大南岳旅游圈为例

李伯华1,2(), 刘沛林1,2, 窦银娣2, 王鹏2   

  1. 1.湖南省人居环境学研究基地,湖南 衡阳 421002
    2.衡阳师范学院资源环境与旅游管理系,湖南 衡阳 421002
  • 收稿日期:2013-08-08 修回日期:2013-11-25 出版日期:2014-11-10 发布日期:2014-11-10
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:李伯华(1979-),男,湖北黄冈人,博士,副教授,主要从事人居环境学研究。E-mail:libeny_2058@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41101163、41271167)、湖南省自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目(12JJ7003)、湖南省社会科学规划项目(12YBA035、13YBB028)资助

Evolution Characteristics and Influence Mechanism of Human Settlements in Rural Tourism Destinations of Edge Type of Scenic Spot: A Case Study of “Great Nanyue Tourism Circle”

Bo-hua LI1,2(), Pei-lin LIU1,2, Yin-di DOU2, Peng WANG2   

  1. 1. Research Establishment for Hunan Settlement, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan 421008, China
    2. Department of Geography & Tourism Management, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan 421008, China
  • Received:2013-08-08 Revised:2013-11-25 Online:2014-11-10 Published:2014-11-10

摘要:

以系统论和人地关系理论为基础,从自组织性、周期性和波动性等3个方面总结了景区边缘型乡村旅游地人居环境的演变特征。以大南岳旅游圈为例,将旅游要素流的时空变换作为主要驱动因子,构建了景区边缘型乡村旅游地人居环境演变的动力模型,其演变过程经历了入侵、竞争、反应和调控4个阶段,每一个阶段的驱动力量和作用方式不同,所产生的人居效应有差异。其中,入侵过程可看做是旅游要素流的空间集聚对乡村旅游地人居环境的影响;竞争过程实质上是分化过程和共生过程的统一;反映过程是乡村旅游地人居环境系统对外界干扰的适应与调整;调控过程是厘清乡村人居环境时空格局与旅游发展过程之间的内在联系,寻求景区边缘型乡村旅游地人居环境建设路径。

关键词: 乡村旅游地, 人居环境, 自组织演化, 生态群落演替

Abstract:

Human settlement of rural tourism destinations of edge type is a relatively independent and complex giant system. Its evolution characteristics and influence mechanism have distinct uniqueness, so new research idea and theoretical framework are required to carry on creative exploration. Based on systems science and man-land relationship theory, this article summarizes the evolution characteristics of human settlements in rural tourism destinations of edge type of scenic spot from 3 aspects such as self-organization, periodicity and volatility. The human settlement evolution of rural tourism destinations is the result of the interaction of self-organization and heter-organization. Under the influence of spatial-temporal transformation of tourism elements flow, the system evolution state presents a cyclical dynamic evolution. Because of the influence of uncertainty factors, this cyclical change shows a great uncertainty and diversity in evolution path and rate. Taking spatial-temporal transformation of tourism elements flow as main driving factor, using "Great Nanyue tourism circle" as a case study, this article constructs a dynamic model of evolution characteristics of rural tourism destinations human settlements of edge type of scenic spot. The evolution process is divided into four categories, which are processes of invasion, competition, reaction and regulation. Process of invasion embodies the impacts of spatial agglomeration of tourism elements flow on human settlements of rural tourism destinations. Process of competition is actually the unity of differentiation process and symbiosis process. Process of reaction is the adaptation and adjustment of human settlements system in rural tourism destinations to external interference. Processes of regulation can clarify the internal relations between spatial-temporal pattern of rural human settlements and tourism development, so as to seek constructional path of human settlements of rural tourism destinations of edge type of scenic spot. Inflow process of tourism elements flow is the unification of spatial process and social process. In the process of market oriented tourism development, competition process not only maximizes resources and location value, but also brings deep divisions and social inequalities. Government's effective control is particularly important because the intervening of heter-organization can guarantee the sustainable development of human settlement system of rural tourism destinations. Because of the complexity of rural tourism destination of edge type of scenic spot, the human settlement evolution is of diversity. Due to difference in type, location and development level of core scenic area, evolution process of human settlement of rural tourism destinations may be skipped or incomplete, so the universality of empirical research on "Great Nanyue Tourism Circle" requires further inspection. Comparative study on different types of human settlement evolution of rural tourism destinations of edge type of scenic spot has very important research significance, and it is also the important part of follow-up studies.

Key words: Key Words: rural tourism destinations, human settlement, self-organization evolution, ecological community succession

中图分类号: 

  • K901.8