关键词: 冰川变化, 气候响应, 遥感监测, 博格达峰

Abstract:

Mountain glaciers are important fresh water resources in the arid region and they are also one of potential climate indicators because of their sensibility to climate changes. With the background of Global Warming since the 20th century, the widespread retreats of mountain glaciers in China have had a profound impact on local people's lives, the environment and socio-economic survival, under this condition, we can not only understand the characteristics and trends of glacier change, but also understand the relationship of glacier response to climate change, and thus likely to predict future changes in glacier. Research on glacier change has been limited in Chinese Tien Shan Mountains, despite the fact that the number of glaciers in the Tien Shan Mountains is the largest among all mountain ranges in China, and the glaciers in this region provide very important water resources for local economic development and drinking water for man use. The Bogda Peak regions belong to Tien Shan. Therefore, monitoring Bogda Peak region the changes of glaciers is essential. Moreover, the melt water in Bogda Peak region is a reliable supply of water for Aries River Basin, the Turpan-Hami basin and basin Chaiwopu, so the scientific value is a lot. Based on the Landsat 1972 MSS, 1990 TM, 1999 TM and 2013 ETM+ remote sensing image datum, the glacier information of four periods in the study area was extracted by using visual interpretation and GIS. Meanwhile, the surrounding climate datum were also analyzed in this paper. The results showed that: 1) During 1972-2013, glacier areas in study region decreased by 23.79% of 1972, the average annual withdrawal rate was 0.58%. In1972-1990, the glaciers retreated slowly, with an average annual withdrawal rate of 0.38%, glaciers retreat increased in the last 20 years, an annual retreat rate of 0.74%; 2) The smaller glaciers displayed a higher shrinkage rate than the larger glaciers; 3) The southeastern slope of study area retreated fastest, following east slope, northern slope was the slowest; 4) The retreat ratios of glaciers in the study area showed normal distribution trends with slope changes; 5) Glaciers of the study area were mainly distributed at the altitude ranging from 3 600 to 4 200 m, there was a clear increasing trend, especially in low altitude; 6) In the region, warming trend was obvious, while precipitation changed little, Rising temperature was the main reasons for the study area glacial retreat; 7) Compared with other regions in Tien Shan of China, this region glaciers retreat was consistent with other Tien Shan regions; 8) It is difficult to analysis glacier changes for our study in the long run for lacking of Multi-temporal remote sensing records. There are also many errors in the process of extracting glaciers because its surroundings about the spectral characteristic are close. As a result,it affects the accuracy of the monitoring of glacier changes.

Key words: glacier change, climate response, remote sensing monitoring, Bogda Peak