依据对陕甘宁传统农区的调查数据,选择苹果新种苗技术、小麦良种技术、节水灌溉技术为研究对象,系统分析了技术环境对农户采用农业新技术的影响及其差异。研究发现,技术环境因素对农户采用新技术具有较大的影响,其中,技术软环境对农户的影响大于硬环境的影响。农户采用具有不同属性的农业新技术受环境因素的影响程度存在较大的差异,具体表现为,苹果新种苗技术容易受到果品公司、农技站服务次数、技术培训质量以及信贷条件的影响;小麦良种技术容易受到科研组织、种子公司、农技站、人际网络以及技术供给渠道的影响;节水灌溉技术受到具有社会服务功能的技术组织、政府鼓励措施以及媒体宣传的影响较大。与此同时,地理因素对农户的技术行为具有明显的约束作用。

Based on the investigation data in Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, where are the traditional agricultural areas in northwest, the apple breed technology, wheat seed technology and water-saving irrigation technology were chosen as the research objects. An systematic analysis of the difference in farmer’s adoption of new technology which is affect by the technology environment was made. The results showed, the technology environmental factors had great impact on farmer's adoption of new technology, and the soft environment’s impact was greater than the hard environment. Meanwhile, there was a big difference between the behaviors in farmer’s adoption of new agricultural technologies with different attributes. It specifically expressed that the adoption of apple breed technology was easily affect by the fruit company, the services times of agricultural technique department, the quality of technical training and the credit condition. The adoption of wheat seed technology was easily impact by the research organizations, the services times and quality of agricultural technique department, interpersonal network and the technology supply channel. The water-saving irrigation technology was more vulnerable to the impact of the technical organization with social service functions, the preferential policies and the media. At the same time, it can be found that the geographical factors had obvious restraints on farmer’s adoption of new technology.