海洋地缘政治研究进展与中国海洋地缘环境研究探索
作者简介:韩增林(1956-),男,山东商河人,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事区域发展规划、交通运输地理及海洋经济地理等研究。E-mail:hzl@lnnu.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2014-04-14
要求修回日期: 2014-07-16
网络出版日期: 2015-02-15
基金资助
部省共建人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(14JJD790038)
国家自然基金青年项目(41201114)
Updated Progress of Marine Geopolitics and Research of the Marine Geo-setting in China
Received date: 2014-04-14
Request revised date: 2014-07-16
Online published: 2015-02-15
Copyright
通过梳理西方100多a海洋地缘政治的发展脉络,系统总结和归纳其海洋地缘政治发展的4个阶段与特征:自然演进模式下的海洋地缘政治理论形成阶段( 1890s前)、国家空间-权力关系下的理论发展阶段(两次世界大战前后)、海洋地缘政治的现代化阶段(1960s-1990s)、新海洋地缘政治理论阶段(1990s后)。与国外相比,中国的海洋地缘政治研究起步较晚且未得到足够的重视,通过分析新中国成立以来中国地缘政治学者在海洋地缘政治领域的探索历程发现:中国海洋地缘政治发展缺乏相关学科理论的支撑和整合,难以形成完整的理论体系,研究手段也较为单一并缺乏建设性的实证研究,这与中国在世界“海洋地缘环境”格局中的现状严重不符。因此,面对批判地缘政治学的“多尺度转向”背景与中国发展的具体国情,提出发展中国“海洋地缘环境”的研究作为响应,并深入探讨“海洋地缘环境”的内涵与研究的空间尺度。最后,对海洋地缘环境近期重点研究方向做出展望:① 深化海洋地缘环境理论基础与研究方法;② 加强不同尺度的海洋地缘环境时空分异格局及其形成机理研究;③ 安全转向背景下的多尺度海洋地缘环境系统脆弱性研究;④ 结合中国实际,加强边境与边界的相关研究。
韩增林 , 彭飞 , 张耀光 , 刘天宝 , 钟敬秋 . 海洋地缘政治研究进展与中国海洋地缘环境研究探索[J]. 地理科学, 2015 , 35(2) : 129 -136 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2015.02.129
The 21st Century is the century of the ocean, which has become an important guarantee for the sustainable social and economic development of coastal States and the national hot space of interests. Based on the macro mode of thinking and sensitive to the reality of international problems, marine geopolitics theory has influenced the whole process of world history greatly. After summarized the research progress during 100 years of western marine geopolitics, found that it has 4 development stages and each stage has its distinctive development characteristics: natural evolution of marine geopolitics pattern formation stage (-1890s), the state space of power relations theory development stage (around World War I and World War II), the stage of modern marine geopolitics (1960s-1990s), and a new marine geopolitics theory (1990s-). Compared with foreign countries, China marine geopolitics research started late and did not got enough attention. Through the analysis of modern exploration process in China of marine Geopolitics, it can be found that China marine geopolitics is lack of theory support and integration, which is difficult to form a complete theoretical system. Moreover, the research methods are empirical study single and lack of construction, which is seriously unfit the pattern —‘the marine geo-setting ’in the world. Therefore, combine critical geopolitics "multi scale to" background and specific national conditions of China development, the paper puts forward the research direction of "marine geo-setting" in China as a response to the spatial scale, then explore the connotation of the marine–geo environment. Finally, prospect the content of the research of marine–geo environment: ①develop the theory and method of marine–geo; ② strengthen the variation pattern and its formation mechanism of different scales of marine–geo environment; ③ vulnerability research on multi-scale marine geo environment system under the background of steering the security; ④strengthen border research combined with the actual situation in China.
Key words: geopolitics; marine geopolitics; progress; marine geo-setting; China
Table 1 Development process of ocean geopolitical theory表1 海洋地缘政治理论发展过程 |
时间 | 阶段 | 方法论特征 | 理论发展特征 |
---|---|---|---|
1890s前 | 海洋地缘政治理论形成 | 自然演进模式 | 环境决定论 |
两次世界大战前后 | 海洋地缘政治理论发展 | 空间-权力关系 | 国家空间权力 |
1960s-1990s | 海洋地缘政治理论现代化 | 结构主义 | 世界体系与尺度转换 |
1990s后 | 新海洋地缘政治理论 | 结构-后结构主义 | 多样化与人文化 |
Fig.1 The number of researches that the topics containing "marine geopolitical environment" in China图1 中国各年份研究主题中含有“海洋地缘环境”的论文数量 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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