对小兴安岭森林生态系统10个生境中小型土壤动物的数量和类群组成、多样性、生态地理分布及群落排序进行研究。从水平分布看,中小型土壤动物个体数最多的是人工云冷杉林,类群数最多的是赤杨林,个体数和类群数最少的均为林间草甸。中小型土壤动物在土壤中的垂直分布具有明显的表聚性,但各生境的变化情况略有不同。10个生境多样性指数和丰富度指数在人工林和相应的天然林内的变化趋势相反。而均匀度指数和优势度指数差异不大。排序结果显示云冷杉红松林、云冷杉林、赤杨林和林间草甸与其它生境差异较大。
This paper investigated soil mesofauna of ten habitats in forest ecosystem of the Xiao Hinggan Mountains and analyzed the composition of number and group, biodiversity, ecogeographical distribution and community ordination.Results show that the total individual number and group number of soil mesofauna in man-made Picea-Abies forest and Alnus hirsuta forest are the most, those of meadow are the least.The vertical distribution of soil mesofauna is gathering to the surface, but there is little difference in different habitats.Shannon-Wiener and Margalef Index of man-made forest have the adverse changing trend with the corresponding virgin forest.Pielou Index and Simpson Index have no significant difference.Results of Correspondence Analysis show that there is significant difference in Picea-Abies and Pinus koraiensis forest, Picea-Abies forest, Alnus hirsuta forest and meadow than in other habitats.
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