20世纪后期,旅游城市化现象在西方发达国家出现,成为多元城市化道路的一种模式。在实地考察、问卷调查等基础上,分析了丽江市的旅游城市化现象。研究表明,与传统的工业城市化相比,旅游城市化表现出了一些不同的特征。具体表现为:①在城市性质和功能上,丽江由工商业城镇逐步向旅游城市转变;②在城市空间结构上,丽江城区逐步演变成以大研古城为重心呈“扇”形发展;③在城市建设用地上,旅游业用地增长迅速,大量城市绿地被侵占;④旅游的快速发展,大大加快了丽江的人口城市化过程,旅游业成为丽江市居民就业的主要渠道;⑤随着旅游业的迅速发展,丽江基础设施建设出现了超常规发展。在中国旅游发展的大背景下,丽江的资源比较优势、云南省及丽江市政府的推动、民营经济的参与、旅游消费是引起丽江旅游城市化的主要机制。

Tourism urbanization, a product of social and economic development, is an inevitable social phenomenon accompanied by the ever-increasing development of tourism and urbanization.As one kind of pattern of urbanization, tourism urbanization appeared in developed Western countries since the 1970s.The paper points out that urbanization is the base of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and tourism urbanization as one mode of urbanization in turn paves the way for Chinese urbanization.Strengthening both the theoretical and empirical research on tourism urbanization is of great benefit to the healthy and constant development of China’s urbanization.Compared with the actual development of tourism urbanization, the theoretical research is relatively lagging behind and needs to be broadened and deepened.The paper makes a depth analysis of tourism urbanization in Lijiang City by the fieldwork and questionnaire.Five characteristics have been summarized: 1)On functions, Lijiang changes from industry and commerce town to tourist city step by step;2) On urban spatial structure, Lijiang develops with Dayan ancient town as the centre of gravity and assumes the "fan" shape;3) On urban construction land, the tourist land increases rapidly, large amount of urban green space is invaded and occupied;4) Having accelerated population urbanization process in Lijiang, tourism industry becomes main channel for residents to obtain employment in Lijiang City;and 5) With the rapid development of tourism industry, infrastructure construction has appeared to unconventional development in Lijiang.Under great background of tourism development in China, the mechanism factors of tourism urbanization in Lijiang composed of the resources comparative advantages of Lijiang, impetus from Yunnan Province government and Lijiang local government, participation of private economy and tourist consumption.