采取社会资本的研究视角,以安徽省南部世界文化遗产地西递村旅游发展与社会经济变迁的基本事实为案例,主要提出了一种对乡村外出劳动力向原社区回流并参与非农产业生产现象的社会经济解释。研究发现:① 社区按年向有本社区户口的普通社区成员提供总收入相当比例的稳定收入,是吸引外出劳动力回流的重要原因;② 社会资本和社会关系网络的效力在社区的空间范围之内才能得到发挥,是社区精英人物及与其有亲密关系的社区成员留守或回流的原因。
This paper offers a critical review of the popular economic models on labor force migration, and return migration and points out the main theoretical and technical problems when practicing these models in the real world. Conversely, this paper chooses a social capital perspective to outline a socio-economic explanation for the behavior of rural returnees and their participation in non-agricultural industry, based on a case study in Xidi Village of southern Anhui Province, China. It concludes with two elemental findings: 1) returnees in this village returned because they could get paid annually and steadily as a local hukouholder; 2) community elites and their intimate relations returned or stayed because their social capital or social network could only take effect inside the community boundaries.
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