基于SRTM3-DEM数据,运用GIS空间分析技术,通过面积-高度积分、地形高程(平均高程、最大高程、最小高程)、地势起伏度及地形剖面线方法,对北天山的地貌特征进行了初步分析。结果表明,北天山山势险峻并且呈NW-SE走向,显示天山受南北向水平挤压隆升作用。近S形的面积-高度曲线、偏高的面积高度积分值表明北天山地区处于构造活跃时期,地貌发育属壮年期的早期阶段。地形高程剖面线揭示了北天山存在3级夷平面地貌特征,地势起伏度变化幅度最大地区则是受陆内挤压构造应力影响地形抬升最强的地区。
The present topography and high elevation of the NW-SE-trending Tianshan Mountains are the direct result of north-south convergence driven by the India-Asia collision during the Cenozoic times. Based on SRTM3-DEM data, we analyze the geomorphic character of the northern Tianshan Mountains and the implications using GIS analysis including Hypsometric Integral, Average Elevation, Summit Level Elevation, Local Relief and Swath Profile. Hypsometric Integral (HI), after the method of Pike and Wilson (1971), is used to analyze tectonism of the northern Tianshan Mountains. The S-shaped Hypsometric curve significantly suggests the currently active tectonism and the mature period of geomorphic evolution in the northern Tianshan Mountains. We argue that, according to GIS analysis, 3 planation surfaces with different elevation have been developed within the northern Tianshan Mountains, and these three planation surfaces display the distinguished geomorphic character due to different erosion controlled by elevation, tecnonism and lithology.
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