白水1号冰川是亚欧大陆纬度位置最低的冰川,冰川区90%的降水主要受季风气候影响。运用多种方法对该区雪坑化学的季节性特征分析表明,2006年5月7日采集的两雪坑主要是2005年夏季风期和2005~2006年度非夏季风期的积雪积累;夏季风期积雪中远源物质主要是随季风环流而来的海盐气溶胶及其沿途工、农业区的污染物质,非夏季风期主要是源自印度塔尔沙漠以及中亚和西亚地区的粉尘;季风期和非季风期(2005~2006年度)间积雪化学特征存在较大差异;两雪坑季风期间积雪化学特征的不同主要反映了不同海拔消融强度和淋溶过程的差异,非季风期间的不同主要反映了局地环境的影响,特别是山谷风携带的地壳物质的影响。
The glaciers on Mt. Yulong, China (5596 m), are the southernmost in mainland Eurasia. The largest is Baishui No.1 Glacier. Up to 90% of the annual precipitation there falls in summer, when warm, moisture-rich air masses associated with the southwest monsoon reach the area from the Indian Ocean. The winter climate is influenced by air masses with a continental origin and by the southern branch of the westerlies. The snow which accumulates on Baishui No.1 Glacier includes marine aerosols associated with the summer monsoon, and dust brought from Central/West Asia, from Africa or from the Thar Desert area, in winter. Studies in May 2006 at two sites, one in the accumulation area (4900 m) and one in the ablation area (4750 m), revealed differences between the ionic composition of the snow which had accumulated in the 2005-06 winter and that of the snow which had been deposited during the preceding summer monsoon. Differences of the chemistry of the summer-accumulated snow at the two sites probably reflected local differences of ablation and elution rates, rather than differences of ion supplies. Differences of the chemistry of the winter-accumulated snow may reflect the influence of up-valley winds, which bring more crustal material to the lower site.
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