研究辨析了综合贫困(Multiple Deprivation)与贫困概念、总结综合贫困的指标体系和研究方法,评述国外地理学对综合贫困空间的研究内容。再利用广州市最低保障数据和五普数据构建综合贫困的指标体系,采用因子分析法总结贫困主因子,并求得各街道综合贫困得分。发现广州市内城区和外围局部地区存在综合贫困累积型分布的状况,呈现"圈层+局部放射"的综合贫困空间总体形态,内外城贫困特征有一定差异,是历史、政策和市场等多种力量长期综合作用的结果。研究对拓展中国转型期贫困地理研究视角和指标体系有一定的裨益。
On review of studies and indexes of geography of deprivation in Western academics, this paper fisrtly highlights the expansion of indexes of urban poverty from economic angle to mutiple facets including income, housing, education and employment, etc. Taking Guangzhou as a case, the paper firstly establishes indicators of multiple deprivation using the MLSP (Mninimum Living Standard Programme) recipients data and Fifth Census data.The paper summarises five key factors of deprivation by the method of factor analysis. There exits an accumulative distribution of multiple factors in inner-city and parts of outer area. Secondly the paper calculates the scores of mutiple deprivation on the level of sub-districts. The spatial morphology of mutiple deprivation is a combination of concentric layers, culsters. Thildly, the paper argues that mechanism of the spatial characteristics of mutiple deprivation is the outcome of historic reasons, public policies and market oriention in transitional era.
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