区域溢出是一种重要的新经济现象。区域知识溢出是其中的一种形式。区域相互作用的可观察事实可能为区域知识溢出提供某种传递机制。基于人口迁移、铁路贸易两种可观察事实,采用CH模型和反事实估计法验证了中国省域尺度上的溢出是否与人口迁移或铁路贸易有关。还考虑了省域之间的产业结构相似性和贸易联系紧密性对区域知识溢出的影响。结果显示区域知识溢出与反映区域相互作用的可观察事实有关,而不是随机发生的。
Regional spillover is an important new economic phenomenon. As one of the many forms of regional spillover, regional knowledge spillover is special and invisible. The observable facts of regional interaction may become the transferring mechanism of regional knowledge spillover. To confirm this, an expanded CH model is applied in the paper to studying the relationship between regional spillover and regional interaction. The approach of anti-facts estimation is introduced to explore on the Chinese province scale data. Two kind of visible regional interaction facts, population migration of Chinese mainland inter-province and railroad trade, are employed to test the spillover mechanism between Chinese mainland provinces. The industrial familiarity and trade tightness between the provinces are also concerned to study the affection to regional knowledge spillover. The GDP and R&D expenditure are adopted to measure the regional knowledge stock, respectively. It is argued that regional knowledge spillover is not happened randomly, however it is relative to the visible facts which represent regional interactions.
[1] K Arrow. The economic implications of learning by doing[J]. Review of Economic Studies, 1962, (29):155-173.
[2] 王 铮,马翠芳,王 莹,等. 区域间知识溢出的空间认识[J] .地理学报,2003,58(5): 773~780.
[3] G M Grossman, E Helpman. Trade, knowledge spillovers, and growth[J].European Economic Review, 1991,(35): 517-526.
[4] D Coe, E Helpman. International R&D spillovers[J]. European Economic Review, 1995,(39): 859–887.
[5] W Keller. Are international R&D spillovers trade-related? Analyzing spillovers among randomly matched trade partners[J].European Economic Review, 1998,(42):1469-1481.
[6] T Barrio-Castro E, Lopez-Bazo G , Serrano-Domingo. New evidence on international R&D spillovers, human capital and productivity in the OECD[J]. Economics Letters, 2002, (77):41–45.
[7] Ying L G. Measuring the spillover effects: Some Chinese evidence[J]. Regional Science, 1997,(79): 75-89.
[8] 孟 斌,王劲峰,张文忠,等. 基于空间分析方法的中国区域差异研究[J].地理科学,2005,25(4):393~400.
[9] 李小建,樊新生.欠发达地区经济空间结构及其经济溢出效应的实证研究-以河南省为例[J].地理科学,2006,26(1):1~6.
[10] R D Fischer. The evolution of inequality after trade liberalization[J].Journal of Development Economics, 2001, (66):555-579.
[11] Z J Acs, F R FitzRoy I Smith. Highi-Technology Employment and R&D in Cities: Heterogeneity vs Specialization[J]. the Annals of Regional Science, 2002, (36):373-386.
