基于黄土高原1961~2008年气候资料,应用修订的Penman-Monteith(P-M)模型计算作物生长季最大可能蒸散量,分析其时空分布、异常分布特征和次区域时间演变特征。结果表明:一致性异常分布是黄土高原作物生长季最大可能蒸散量的最主要空间模态。高原西北部区域作物生长季最大可能蒸散量呈显著增加趋势,且发生突变现象;高原东北部区域和高原东南部区域作物生长季最大可能蒸散量呈显著下降的趋势,也发生突变;黄土高原作物生长季最大可能蒸散量的3个空间分区中,3~4a的周期振荡表现得比较显著。
Based on climatological data in Loess plateau from 1961 to 2008, the potential evapotranspiration of the growth period was computed by using revised Penman-Monteith Model. The spatial-temporal distribution, anomaly distribution and sub-regional temporal variations of the potential evapotranspiration in the growth period were analyzed at the same time. The results showed that the main spatial model of annual potential evapotranspiration of the growth period in Loess plateau is consistent anomaly distribution. In northwest regions of Loess plateau, the potential evapotranspiration of the growth period displayed a significant ascending trend and showed an abrupt change; in northeast and southeast regions of Loess plateau, the potential evapotranspiration of the growth period displayed a significant descending trend and showed an abrupt change too. In all these three regions, the potential evapotranspiration of the growth period shows an obvious fluctuating period of 3-4years.
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