以吉林省为例,构建玉米种植区划指标体系,并利用空间插值技术和辅助信息对降水、土壤和玉米单产等指标的空间模拟进行重点研究。其中,将多元回归+残差内插相结合对气象站点观测的降水数据进行了空间模拟;将相关性较高的变量作为协因子,并结合土壤类型数据,利用Cokriging插值,获取了土壤属性空间模拟数据;利用耕地质量空间分布数据对玉米统计单产数据进行修正得到玉米单产空间模拟数据。然后,开展吉林省玉米种植适宜性评价和区划研究,将吉林省分为高度适宜区、中度适宜区、低度适宜区和不适宜区4个等级;并结合农业综合分区,得到13个不同的玉米种植区域。
In order to adapt maize planting according to current climatic, soil conditions and modern agricultural technique, planting structure of maize and its variety should be optimized at the regional level. In this paper, an indicator system was developed for evaluating the suitability of maize planting in Jilin Province, which is a main maize production area in Northeast China. Thereafter, both spatial interpolation technique and auxiliary information were used for spatial modeling of precipitation, soil conditions and the maize yield. In details, observed precipitation records from climate observing stations in study area were firstly interpolated by using an integrated means of multiple regression and residual error interpolation. Second, with a consideration of soil type information, the relevant factors were utilized as co-factors for interpolating soil properties (i.e. pH, soil organic matter, available K, available N and available P of soil) by using the means of Cokriging technique. Third, the map of statistics-based maize yield was validated by the spatial map of cultivated land quality. Fourth, with the aids of terminal condition law, comprehensive analytic approach and experience index law, the suitability evaluation for maize planting was implemented as the basis of regionalization research. From the regionalization results, 13 zones of planting maize can be indentified in Jilin Province, which are further reclassified into four major suitability levels as high, moderate, low and nun-suitability.
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