文章从城市地理学模拟模型研究发展相对滞后的现实出发,分析了传统城市模型模拟存在的问题与不足,讨论了计算机科学、复杂性研究、地理信息科学与技术、新发展的地学计算方法等作为计算城市模型发展基础的可行性,提出了一个基于细胞自动机与多主体系统理论与方法、包容了多尺度(宏观、中观、微观)层次的综合可计算城市模拟原型模型框架,对以邻里社区为基础的居住区位微观模拟模型作了概念上的讨论,分析了地学计算方法在城市模拟模型研究中的发展前沿。
Faced upon the fact of relatively lagged development in urban simulation and modeling, the problems and inadequacies consisted in traditional urban simulation have been analyzed in this paper.This paper discussed the possibility using a lot of theories and methods originated from computational science, complex researches, geographic information science and geocomputation developed recently as the foundation of computational urban models.A prototype of computational urban simulation model, which integrated the activities on the macro-, meso- and micro-level scales, has been put forward based on the theories and methodologies of cellular automata and multi-agent system.The formation method and structure of a residential location choice model on the neighborhood scale, which as a base of the prototype, have been discussed conceptually.At last, the paper analyses the future development in the field of urban simulation and modeling.
[1] 刘妙龙,李 乔.地理计算——数量地理学的新发展[J].地球科学进展,2000,(6):679~683.
[2] 陈述彭.城市化与城市地理信息系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[3] 许学强,周一星,宁越敏.城市地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.
[4] 王士君,高 群,王 丹.城市相互作用关系的一种新模式——近域城市整合研究[J].地理科学,2001,(6):558~563.
[5] 陈彦光,刘继生,房艳刚.效用最大化、logit变换和城市地理学的数量分析模型[J].地理科学,2002,22(5):613~618.
[6] 梁进社,王 旻.城市用地与人口的异速增长和相关经验研究[J].地理科学,2002,22(6):649~654.
[7] 陈彦光,刘继生.城市系统的异速生长关系与位序-规模法则——对Steindl模型的修正与发展[J].地理科学,2001,21(5):412~416.
[8] 陈彦光,刘继生.城市体系时空演化的广义维数分析——刻划城市资源分享空间的理论基础、计算方法与应用实例[J].地理科学,2003,23(5):526~534.
[9] 常 静,李雪铭.修正后的城市系统异速生长方程实证研究——以大连市为例[J].地理科学,2004,24(4):406~412.
[10] 刘妙龙,黄蓓佩.上海大都市交通网络分形的时空特征演变研究[J].地理科学,2004,24(2):144~149.
[11] 周成虎,孙战利,谢一春.地理元胞自动机研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[12] Batty M,Y Xie.Possible Urban Automata[J].Environment and Planning (B),1997,(24):175-192.
[13] Batty M,Bin Jiang.Multi-agent simulation:computational dynamics within GIS.In:Atkinson P,D Martin(eds).GIS and Geocomputation.London:Taylor & Francis,2000.55-71.
[14] 江 斌,黄 波,陆 锋.GIS环境下的空间分析与地学可视化[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.
[15] Francesco L,P Alessandro.Agent-based methods in economics and finance-simulation in SWARM[M].London:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2002.
