以COD为控制指标,计算了图们江地区5条河流逐月环境容量以及污水达标排放时的允许污水排放量。结果表明,各月环境容量分配极不均匀,丰水期2个月约占50%,而长达5个月的枯水期环境容量很小,不足全年的10%;即使以1995年污水排放量衡量,污水达标排放时,枯水期图们江干流等5条河流控制断面水质也达不到指定功能水质标准,已无环境容量可利用。因此,河流水环境容量已成为制约图们江地区开发的主要因素,为了确保该地区经济建设与环境保护协调发展,必须采取有效的污染防治措施和对策。

Using COD as a control index, this paper calculated the monthly environmental capacity and the permited wastewater discharge capacity of wastewater within discharge standards of five rivers in the Tumen River region. The results indicate that the distribution of every month environmental capactity was very uneven, during the two_month abundant-water period, the environmental capacity was about 50% of the year, but during five_month less-water period, the environmental capacity was less than 10% of the year; even judged by wastewater discharge quantity in 1995, during the less-water period, the water quality of the five rivers controlling sections of the mainstream of the Tumen River did not reach the appointed functional water quality standards and there was no environmental capacity to use. Therefore, the river water environmental capacity has become the major restricting factor of exploitation in the Tumen River region, for keeping coordinate development between economic construction and environmental protection in this region, the effective pollution control countermeasures and steps must be taken.