北大西洋、太平洋、印度洋的海温异常通过大气环流的作用影响长江上游汛期的水量变化。这种遥联具有一定的韵律特点。在海气相互作用中,几乎所有的重要相关区都在洋流区,影响时间主要在冬春季。文中分析了不同海区的海温影响长江上游汛期水量丰枯的可能物理机制。

The paper analyses the relationship between the discharge of the upper reaches of the Changjiang River in flood period and both of the sea surface temperature (SST) and the circulation by the correlation analysis method. The analysis results show that the SST anomalies of the North Atlantic, the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean can influence the variation of the discharge of the upper reaches of the Changjiang River in flood period by atmospheric circulation. This teleconnexion is of the certain rhythemic characteristic. The ocean current play an important role in the sea-air interaction because almost all important correlation areas are situated in the ocean current regions, and the time of the effect is mainly winter or spring. Otherwise, the effects of the SST are of the double-hump characteristics. The paper gives the possible physical mechanisms that the SST of the variant sea areas affects the discharge of the region of the upper reaches of the Changjiang River in flood period. For the three oceans, the change of the currents and circulation of any one can get the response inthe currents and circulation of the other two by the regulation of atmospheric circulation. So, for the long-range hydrologic forecast of the upper reaches regions of the Changjiahg River, it is better to consider simultaneously the effects of the three oceans rather than do only one.