安徽省小城镇数量多,规模偏小;小城镇发展过程中用地增长过快,且其发展是以牺牲耕地为代价;用地结构不尽合理且浪费严重,土地利用效率低;同时小城镇的生产生活环境较差。究其原因,主要包括以下几方面:(1)社会经济发展水平较低,小城镇发展动力匮乏;(2)小城镇建设缺乏统一、科学、全面规划;(3)基础设施建设投资不足;(4)传统的二元制户籍制度和进镇代价大限制了农村人口向小城镇转移;(5)固有的土地政策无法适应市场经济的需求,小城镇土地市场难以培育;(6)耕地占补注重"量"忽视"质";(7)小城镇建设中违法用地突出;(8)小城镇土地管理薄弱。要实现安徽省小城镇土地持续利用,必需完善小城镇体系规划,进行科学定位、梯度发展小城镇;强化土地利用规划的宏观调控作用,提高小城镇土地利用率;积极开展相关制度改革和政策创新;建立合理的土地收益分配机制,培育小城镇土地市场;加强土地管理,维护土地市场秩序。

The small towns in Anhui Province are numerous and small in scale. In the process of the development of small towns,the exploitation of land is increasing too fast,besides,its development is at the expense of sacrificing cultivated land. The structure of the exploitation of land is not reasonable and there is too much waste,the utilization ratio of land is low. At the same time,the environment of production and living in small towns is poor.The reasons are as follows:(1) The level of the economic development of the society is relatively low,and the motive force of the development of small towns is lacking.(2) There is no unified,scientific and comprehensive plan for small towns'construction.(3) The investment in infrastructure construction is insufficient.(4) The traditional dual system of registered permanent residence and the great cost of moving to towns restrict the moving of peasants to towns.(5) The original policy on land isn't geared to the requirements of market economy,and it is difficult to cultivate the land market of small towns.(6) In the occupation and supplying of cultivated land,quantity is paid attention to,while quality is ignored.(7) The illegal exploitation of land in small towns'coustruction is obvious and shocking.(8) The administration of land of small towns is weak.To realize the sustainable exploitation of the land of the small towns in Anhui Province,the plan for small towns'system must be perfected,and the small towns must be orientated scientifically and developed step by step. The function of centralized adjusting and controlling in the land use plan should be strengthened and the utilization ratio of small towns'land should be increased. The reform on the relevant systems and policies should be carried out. The reasonable distribution mechanism of land income must be established,and the land market of small towns should be cultivated. Administration of land must be strengthened to maintain the order of land market.