土地是人类赖以生存的场所和生产资料。土地类型图作为从事土地类型研究的重要手段和最终成果的一种表现形式,已越来越被人们所认识。全国1:100万土地类型图已列入全国科学发展规划、全国自然科学地学规划有关项目的重要内容,从而促进了各省(区)土地类型研究和制图工作的全面开展。1:50万吉林省西北部土地类型图,是为配合全国1:100万土地类型图的编制所取得的阶段性成果之一。它是一种中比例尺的专题地图,是1:50万吉林省土地类型图的重要组成部分。本制图区介于东经121°20′～126°,北纬44°～46。16′之间,地跨两个自然地区——温带湿润、半湿润地区和温带半干旱地区。地貌上除东南端属大黑山中段丘陵、西北隅为大兴安岭山地东麓低山丘陵外,基本上属于松嫩平原。行政区划上包括白城地区全部及长春地区一部分。

The compilation of land type map is a more complicatedly systematical work.According to the author’s experience of compilation practice,taking the land type map of the North-west Jilin Province as an example,some problems on compilation method were discussed in this paper. 1.Basic contents of the land type map--cartographic classification of land types:Here 15 land groups,27 subgroups and 77 land families were divided into in this catographic area,in which land family is basic unit. 2.Representation method and colour design:In order to represent the three levels of land type above,the qualitative base method combining colour with symbols was adopted.Colour designed expresses both the action of geomorphologic factors and mirrors the effect of water and heat on land types. 3.Compilation method:Based on the specific conditions of information in the cartographic area,the methods of indoors synthetical analysis of cartographic informations and integration with field observation and examination were used in the compilation. The basic works consist of three steps: 1.Indoors synthetically analysing and using cartographic information, such as interpreting and utilising Landsat image,piling and utilising thematic maps,and analysing and utilising topographic maps etc. 2.carting out sample survey in field work. 3.drawing up compilation principle and procedure.