我国喀斯特分布广泛,类型多样。由于喀斯特地区地下洞穴和廊道纵横交错,地下水分布状况复杂多变,给工农业建设带来一系列问题。1973～1975年期间,作者与广西水电局地质勘测队一起,对拟建的大化水库进行了多次实地调查和现场试验研究,取得了有关该库区喀斯特渗漏的一些认识。大化水库位于都安、马山两县交界处红水河上,枢纽工程全部建成后,将是目前广西最大的水力发电站,对于促进国民经济的发展,无疑会起到较大的作用。

Dahua Reservoir is cated on the Hongshui River which forms the boundary between Dauan and Mashan Counties.When it has been completed,the reservoir will be the largest hydroelectric station in Guangxi. High temperature,abundant precipitation,massive and pure carbonate rocks, much folding and faulting are the major factors in the karst development of this area.Since the Quaternary Period,the land surface has been uplifted continuously and is now typical of the geomorphological landscape of karst“Fengcong”(peak cluster)and depression. Dolines are widely distributed within the karst depression.Underground water is usually below the level of the cave mouths,although it often emerges from the Caves during the flood season.This phenomenon suggests the possibility that there is an underground river.On the basis of the evidence provided by the distribution of water sinks and the dynamic behaviour of the water level,the water sinks were used to inject fluorescent dyes and coloured lycopodium spores at different times and at possible leakage points.Tracing experiments were conducted six times basically to establish the distribution of flow and the character of the underground river in this area.The results of the observations could be related to the dynamic state of the water level. We concluded that there is no leakage from the reservoir along underground passages as a result of the series of surveys and observations concerning the geological and geomorphological conditions,cave prospecting,long-term observations of underground water slnks,pumping tests,drilling exploration,as well as tracing experiments.This research provided a scientific basis for the construction of the reservoir.