随着地貌制图日益广泛的国际实践,十多年来地貌图已出现了新面貌,它的科学性与实用性已被各国地学界、政府及生产部门所认识。虽然它的发展还比较年轻,在各国也不平衡,但现代地貌图的概念、内容和表现方法,与五十年代相比,无疑已有很大的不同。特别十多年来,出现了许多新的概念、内容与表现方法,其中一些对我国当前工作较有参考价值。
Based on the international information,this paper discusses a number of new concept,method and development in relation to current geomorphological mapping,including such principal subjects as: 1)The new orientation of morpho-structure.The contents of modern geomorphological map are based chiefly on morphostructure,or on various types of morphostrueture along with sculptural geomorphology,indicating that the geomorphological map can no longer be regarded as a map representing merely exogenic topography.2)The emergence of analytical legend.For the past ten years or so,the synthetical legend has been by degrees replaced by the analytical legend.The latterhas many advantages over the former in(1)being relatively objective;(2)getting more information available in the map and in(3)being conducive to measurements and input computer,etc.It is for this reason that the analytical legend has been put into use by many scholars in many countries.The present author holds that the application and popularization of such legend are a major task for the innovations of geomorphological map in the days to come.3)The standardization and systematization of legends.From the international development trend,it can be seen that the legends of geomorphological map of various scales(inclusive of principal way of representation)have now entered a new stage of development in international standardization.Although it is impossible to bring into it all of the geomorphological types in all parts of the world,it becomes an inevitable historical necessity to have various kinds ofbasic types and representation turn standardized.Currently,the international legends of large-and medium-scale in international organizations have won initial success,though further improvement is still called for.The said legends are more preferably to be uniformly designed,or mutually confirmed and completed.And more efforts should be made on the study of current legend to be applicable to various maps in different scales.4)The establishment of a new system of geomorphological survey.Of special importance to the geomorphological mapping in the developing countries is the “ITC System of Geomorphological Survey”put forward by the International institute for Aerial Survey and Earth Sciencs(ITC).In this system,the main experience is making full use of the results of aerial survey along with proper surface survey and probably working out series mapping of basic scaled geomorphological maps with rearer,faster,better and more economical results.This system is considerably superior to the traditional method in which the achievements made in aerial survey have been neglected and in which the mapping of maps in different scales is dones separately.5)The development of a new branch in geomorphology(geomorph-carto-graphy).Looking back on the history of the development of geomorphological mapping,the present writer gives an account of the nature and contents and the main works in the field of geomorph-cartography.It is concluded that as a newly branched gcomorphology,geomorph-cartography has now reached its maturity ready to make contributions to the develpoment of geomorphology as well as its practical application.
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