浙江省科技资源的区域差异及其空间配置效率研究
作者简介:陈修颖(1965-),男,湖南长沙(宁乡)人,博士,教授。主要研究区域经济与规划。E-mail: cxy418549@zjnu.cn
收稿日期: 2011-05-24
要求修回日期: 2011-08-30
网络出版日期: 2012-04-20
基金资助
浙江省科技厅2010年重点软科学项目(2010C25014)资助
The Regional Differences of Science and Technology Resources and The Allocation Efficiency Evaluation in Zhejiang Province
Received date: 2011-05-24
Request revised date: 2011-08-30
Online published: 2012-04-20
Copyright
科技资源是科技活动的基础,是创造科技成果,推动整个经济和社会发展的要素的集合。利用主成分分析法评价了浙江省各地级市科技资源的存量,并运用ArcView分析了浙江省科技资源的空间分布状况,利用数据包络分析法(DEA)评价了浙江省各地级市的科技资源配置相对效率,利用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数和索洛余值法计算了各个地级市的科技进步对于经济发展的贡献率。结果表明:①浙东北的科技资源及科技进步贡献率都要明显高于浙西南,同时浙东北、浙西南内部也存在着较大的差异。②杭州市、嘉兴市、绍兴市、金华市、舟山市和丽水市科技资源配置效率较高,而宁波市、温州市、湖州市、衢州市和台州市的科技资源配置效率相对较低。
陈修颖 , 陈颖 . 浙江省科技资源的区域差异及其空间配置效率研究[J]. 地理科学, 2012 , 32(4) : 418 -425 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.04.418
Science and technology resources are the foundation of science and technology activity, the main factor that creating science and technology achievements and pushing the whole economic and social development. In this article, we make use of the principal composition analysis to evaluate the stock of science and technology resources between every prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province first, and use the ArcView to analyze the science and technology resources distribute condition. Then, we use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources between every prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province. Finally, Cobb-Douglas production function and the Solow residual value method were used to calculate the contribution rate of every city-level scientific and technological progress for economic development. The results showed that: 1) In the northeastern Zhejiang, science and technology resources and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress should be significantly higher than that in southwestern Zhejiang, while cities inside the northeastern Zhejiang, southwestern Zhejiang there is also a greater difference. The amount in storage of science and technology resources of Hangzhou, Ningbo, Shaoxin was ranked front three. Lishui and Quzhou have the least resources in Zhejiang Provence. 2) The science and technology resources of Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, Jinhua, Lishui and Zhoushan are more efficient allocated, while Ningbo, Wenzhou, Huzhou, Quzhou, Taizhou are inefficient, and the efficiency of the management and the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources needs to be improved in these areas. 3) The contribution ratio of science and technology progress of Hangzhou is the highest-level, the second is Ningbo and the third is Shaoxing City. The lowest were Quzhou, Lishui and Zhoushan. The contribution ratio of science and technology progress in the northeast was lower visibly than the sourthwest of Zhejiang. At the same time, there was biggish discrepancy between two regions, Hangzhou was the most efficient but Zhoushan, Jiaxing and Huzhou were the most inefficient in the northeastern Zhejiang. The contribution ratios of science and technology progress of Quzhou and Lishui was far below that of Wenzhou City. At last, we make a number of advises for upgrading technological level and promoting economic development. In the first place, we should increase the input of science and technology appropriations and establish the pluralistic iuput system. Secondly, we should set up and upgrading safeguard mechanisms of introduction of talents. Thirdly, we should make the market system be perfected and energetically promote the industrialization of scientific results.
Table 1 The science and technology resources of every regions in prefecture-level cities of Zhejiang Province in 2007表1 浙江省各地级市科技资源(2007) |
地区 | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | F1 | F2 | F3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杭州市 | 4767 | 52459 | 24153 | 23197 | 4580490 | 4685066 | 0.026158 |
宁波市 | 472 | 46294 | 8195 | 13582 | 1136960 | 1205503 | 0.013727 |
温州市 | 721 | 25763 | 3753 | 3882 | 438770 | 472889 | 0.008709 |
嘉兴市 | 284 | 31939 | 4447 | 1590 | 568310 | 606570 | 0.017706 |
湖州市 | 159 | 11612 | 1216 | 1232 | 172640 | 186859 | 0.012073 |
绍兴市 | 139 | 32064 | 5757 | 1946 | 694960 | 734866 | 0.017232 |
金华市 | 239 | 20382 | 4652 | 3338 | 731430 | 760041 | 0.012425 |
衢州市 | 79 | 5006 | 602 | 554 | 7300 | 13541 | 0.004899 |
舟山市 | 224 | 2546 | 30 | 835 | 8330 | 11965 | 0.007515 |
台州市 | 152 | 37256 | 5987 | 1452 | 980630 | 1025477 | 0.014355 |
丽水市 | 143 | 2136 | 135 | 1160 | 14490 | 18064 | 0.002094 |
注:数据来自《2008浙江统计年鉴》、《2008浙江科技统计年鉴》以及各个地级市的统计公报。 |
Table 2 The pertinency relativity of seven indicators of science and technology resources表2 7项科技资源指标间的相关性 |
ZH1 | ZH2 | ZH3 | ZH4 | ZF1 | ZF2 | ZF3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZH1 | 1.000 | 0.575 | 0.929 | 0.887 | 0.869 | 0.869 | 0.682 |
ZH2 | 0.575 | 1.000 | 0.816 | 0.735 | 0.878 | 0.879 | 0.851 |
ZH3 | 0.929 | 0.816 | 1.000 | 0.926 | 0.981 | 0.981 | 0.845 |
ZH4 | 0.887 | 0.735 | 0.926 | 1.000 | 0.902 | 0.902 | 0.673 |
ZF1 | 0.869 | 0.878 | 0.981 | 0.902 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.892 |
ZF2 | 0.869 | 0.879 | 0.981 | 0.902 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.892 |
ZF3 | 0.682 | 0.851 | 0.845 | 0.673 | 0.892 | 0.892 | 1.000 |
Table 3 The principal component analysis on spatial variation of science and technology resources in Zhejiang表3 浙江省科技资源存量区域差异的主成份分析 |
指 标 | 初始因子载荷 | 因子得分系数 |
---|---|---|
ZH1(政府科研机构科技人员数量) | 0.888155 | 0.144386 |
ZH2(规模以上工业企业科技活动人员数) | 0.873681 | 0.142033 |
ZH3(高技术产业科技活动人员数) | 0.989075 | 0.160792 |
ZH4(高等院校科技活动人员数) | 0.920395 | 0.149627 |
ZF1(科研活动经费筹集总额(千元)) | 0.995568 | 0.161847 |
ZF2(政府科研机构资产情况(千元)) | 0.995665 | 0.161863 |
ZF3(R&D支出总额/GDP) | 0.889514 | 0.144606 |
Table 4 The spatial variation of science and technology resources in prefecture-level cities of Zhejiang表4 各地级市科技资源存量的区域差异 |
地区 | 杭州市 | 宁波市 | 温州市 | 嘉兴市 | 湖州市 | 绍兴市 | 金华市 | 衢州市 | 舟山市 | 台州市 | 丽水市 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
综合主成分F | 2.458 | 0.597 | -0.167 | 0.0387 | -0.479 | 0.202 | -0.205 | -0.814 | -0.777 | 0.043 | -0.898 |
排名 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 4 | 11 |
Fig.1 The spatial variation of science and teclonogy resources in Zhejiang图1 各地级市科技资源的空间差异 |
Table 5 Input-output of the science and technology resources of prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang in 2007表5 浙江省各个地级市科技投入产出统计表(2007年) |
DMU | (I)X1 | (I)X2 | (O)Y1 | (O)Y2 | (O)Y3 | (O)Y4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
杭州市 | 6.94 | 171.9887 | 1889 | 13295 | 1169 | 187.8779 |
宁波市 | 5.02 | 84.44765 | 145 | 12787 | 994.82 | 126.848 |
温州市 | 2.81 | 38.32384 | 222 | 6680 | 386 | 37.1625 |
嘉兴市 | 3.44 | 48.50574 | 87 | 4249 | 675.75 | 99.1557 |
湖州市 | 1.21 | 19.89803 | 53 | 3121 | 288.34 | 18.7769 |
绍兴市 | 3.29 | 66.3552 | 29 | 14103 | 1020.3 | 70.0833 |
金华市 | 2.2 | 33.04417 | 67 | 6371 | 251.06 | 52.8677 |
衢州市 | 0.61 | 5.12641 | 21 | 794 | 55.5 | 4.5537 |
舟山市 | 0.32 | 4.82511 | 75 | 318 | 51.39 | 0.0642 |
台州市 | 4.01 | 47.05017 | 80 | 6276 | 488.34 | 73.8249 |
丽水市 | 0.38 | 2.80508 | 33 | 923 | 25.67 | 1.0999 |
注:数据主要来自《2008浙江统计年鉴》、《2008浙江科技统计年鉴》以及各个地级市2007年的国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |
Table 6 The allocation efficiency of science and technology resources of prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang表6 各市科技资源配置效率 |
No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DMU | 杭州 | 宁波 | 温州 | 嘉兴 | 湖州 | 绍兴 | 金华 | 衢州 | 舟山 | 台州 | 丽水 |
q | 1 | 0.9925127 | 0.9167637 | 1 | 0.9909256 | 1 | 1 | 0.8272366 | 1 | 0.9056125 | 1 |
排名 | 1 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 10 | 1 |
Table 7 The contribution ratio of science and technology progress of prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang表7 浙江省各个地级市科技进步贡献率 |
地级市 | GDP总值(亿元) | 全社会固定资产投资(亿元) | 全社会从业人数(万人) | 科技进步贡献率 | 排名 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
杭州市 | 4100.17 | 1684.13 | 533.09 | 0.757692 | 1 |
宁波市 | 3435.00 | 1597.54 | 437.80 | 0.737498 | 2 |
温州市 | 2158.91 | 737.03 | 517.15 | 0.719719 | 4 |
嘉兴市 | 1585.31 | 900.01 | 288.80 | 0.663609 | 8 |
湖州市 | 892.00 | 458.34 | 182.80 | 0.671507 | 7 |
绍兴市 | 1972.05 | 843.37 | 300.88 | 0.737392 | 3 |
金华市 | 1465.67 | 540.95 | 326.00 | 0.718914 | 5 |
衢州市 | 478.50 | 317.00 | 129.32 | 0.572848 | 11 |
舟山市 | 408.52 | 279.64 | 57.94 | 0.641095 | 9 |
台州市 | 1721.84 | 727.64 | 373.14 | 0.700936 | 6 |
丽水市 | 433.89 | 237.26 | 145.51 | 0.580055 | 10 |
Fig. 2 The spatial variation of contribution ratio of science and technology progress in Zhejiang图2 浙江省科技进步贡献率的区域差异 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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