高层建筑群平面布局类型对室外风环境影响的对比研究
作者简介:应小宇(1980-),男,浙江杭州人,博士,讲师,主要从事城市风环境研究。E-mail:Evanyxy@qq.com
收稿日期: 2013-02-24
要求修回日期: 2013-04-24
网络出版日期: 2013-08-16
基金资助
浙江省自然科学基金(LQ13E080003)、浙江省教育厅科研基金(Y201222991)资助
Comparative Study of the Effect on Outdoor Wind Environment by High-rise Buildings Layout Types
Received date: 2013-02-24
Request revised date: 2013-04-24
Online published: 2013-08-16
Copyright
应小宇 , 朱炜 , 外尾一则 . 高层建筑群平面布局类型对室外风环境影响的对比研究[J]. 地理科学, 2013 , 33(9) : 1097 -1103 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.09.1097
The existing study of urban thermal environment focuses on the urban morphology for urban scale,which does not take full account of the effect of the thermal environment and especially wind environment of the layout of the buildings form for the small-scale area and non-homogeneous distribution. Numerical simulation was carried out to investigate the wind environmental state around a building group consisting of six rectangular high-rise buildings by using the Reynolds averaged equations and the renormalization group (RNG) κ-ε turbulence model. The six buildings were initially arranged into two rows and three columns. Six types of building group with different layouts were obtained by altering the distance between two adjacent buildings in each column. The wind-velocity ratios and the corresponding velocity vector field around each type of building group at pedestrian height level (1.5 m) were then examined and compared with each other. The average outdoor air flow of X-shape is the weakest among all layouts, which is unfavorable for ventilation. The variation of measure points' wind velocity near windward endpoint of buildings in O-shape is comparatively slow. In addition, this layout has the minimum wind velocity at outlet position. These show that O-shape layout has the least wind tunnel effect on outdoor wind environment. Compared with H-shape and O-shape, Y-shape with windward concave, can improve the wind velocity of outlet position. However, if the concave continues to be widened and changes into V or U-shape, the wind velocity of outlet position will decrease. To go further, the study quantifies the concave shape, trying to seek the link between the concave shape and wind velocity ratio of the outlet. The relationship between the x, which is concave coefficient and the y, which is wind velocity ratio at outlet position can be described as a polynomial function. In the end, the study proposes that, in Y, U and V-shape layouts, when the initial wind direction reverses during summer and winter, there are some measure points having comparative difference on wind velocity in two seasons. When designers plan the outdoor landscape, especially in making choice of the green or pavement, these points need detailed design to enhance ventilation in summer and reduce air flow in winter.
Key words: wind environment simulation; high-rise building group; layout
Fig.1 Six typical buildings layout types图1 6种典型建筑群布局类型 |
Table 1 Ratio of gable spacing of six layout types表1 6种布局中3排建筑水平间距的比值 |
布局类型 | LLAA′∶LLBB′∶LLCC′ |
---|---|
H型 | 1∶1∶1 |
Y型 | 3∶1∶1 |
V型 | 4∶2∶1 |
U型 | 4∶4∶1 |
X型 | 3∶1∶3 |
O型 | 1∶4∶1 |
Fig.2 Distribution of measure points图2 测点分布 |
Fig.3 Velocity vector field of six layout types图3 6种布局的风速分布 |
Fig.4 The wind velocity ratio near the buildings′windward endpoint of six layouts图4 6个布局中建筑迎风面端点旁测点风速比 |
Fig.5 The wind velocity ratio on axis of six layouts图5 6个布局中轴线测点风速比 |
Fig.6 Parabolic curve: the function between concave coefficient and mean outlet position's wind velocity ratio图6 凹口系数与平均风速比的曲线关系 |
Fig.7 The wind velocity ratio at wind shadow area of six layouts图7 6种平面布局建筑风影区测点风速比 |
Fig.8 Comparison of wind velocity ratio in Y,V,U shape layouts under the reverse wind direction图8 Y、V、U在风向逆转时的测点风速比对比 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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