鄂陵湖是黄河源区最大的淡水湖。通过基于GPS-RTK的技术定位以及测深仪的水下地形测量,结合相关历史资料和遥感数据分析,应用湖沼学理论,对鄂陵湖的湖盆形态进行定量化研究。结果发现鄂陵湖最大水深33.2 m,平均水深15.55 m,湖长37.49 km,湖面最大宽度32.3 km;平均宽度16.76 km,岸线长226.3 km,湖面面积628.47 km2,湖泊容积97.76×108m3,湖盆形态为接近抛物线体形式的构造断陷湖,而不具备第四纪冰川侵蚀湖盆的地貌特征。研究结果可以对黄河源区的生态环境变化和黄河源区的水量管理提供基础信息。
El’ing Lake is located in northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and it is the largest freshwater lake with the surface elevation of 4 272.5m a.s.l in the headwater area of Yellow River.Because of its unique natu-ral and geographical conditions,the El’ing lake is considered to be a ideal study object for the paleo-environ-ment,regional ecological systems and modern processes of the lake.In recent decades,the Yellow River water resources decreased,the number and area of the lakes in the Yellow River source region dropped,which made water resources and the ecological environment in the Yellow River upper reaches became the focus of atten-tion.Through GPS-RTK technology and submerged topographic survey instruments,adding to relevant histor-ical data and remote sensing data analysis,the basin features of El’ing Lake had been investigated from 2008 to 2009.The results show that the lake area is 628.47 km2,the maximum water depth of the lake is 33.2 m,and its average water depth is 15.55 m.The maximum length and width of the lake is 37.49 km and 32.3 km separately,and the lake’s shoreline is 226.3 km.The total volume of water storage is up to 97.76×108m3,which is an important freshwater resource for the regional ecosystem and the Yellow River.The shape of the lake bottom is quite flat,close to a parabolic body with the analysis of data.Subject to the new tectonic move-ment,El’ing Lake is a tectonic rift lake,but its formation time is inconclusive and it needs further study.
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