江苏省银行网点分布格局及其影响因素研究
作者简介:车冰清(1981-),男,江苏沛县人,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事空间结构与区域发展研究。E-mail:chebingqing@163.com
收稿日期: 2017-03-10
要求修回日期: 2017-07-12
网络出版日期: 2017-12-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41501122)、江苏省社会科学基金项目(15JD012)资助
Distribution Pattern of Banks in Jiangsu Province and Its Influencing Factors
Received date: 2017-03-10
Request revised date: 2017-07-12
Online published: 2017-12-20
Supported by
National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (41501122), Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu(15JD012).
Copyright
以江苏省为研究对象,基于网络平台的银行网点地理数据,运用最近邻指数、Ripley’s K函数以及多元线性回归等分析方法,分别对五大商业银行、农业金融机构、中小商业银行、江苏地方银行以及外资银行的空间分布特征进行探讨,并揭示不同类型银行网点区位选择的影响因素。研究结果:整体上,江苏省银行网点空间偏向分布差异明显“南多北少”,空间集聚特征显著“城区密集分布和外围分散分布”;不同类型银行由于功能和市场定位的不同,除在城区密集分布的共性外,在城市外围区域的分布密度和服务范围存在较大差异。城市建成区面积、人口规模、人均地区生产总值、规模以上工业企业数量、城镇化率、二三产业产值比重是影响银行网点区位选择的主要因素,但对不同类型银行网点分布的影响程度不同。五大商业银行网点分布倾向于人口规模大、城镇化率高的城市,农业金融机构网点更依赖于农业人口因素,中小商业银行网点偏爱二三产业发达的区域,规模以上工业企业数量对江苏地方银行网点的布局具有显著影响,外资银行主要分布在对外开放程度高和国外资本输入较多的城市。城市行政级别和城市性质等制度因素对农业金融机构、外资银行网点区位选择的影响作用较强。
车冰清 , 朱传耿 , 李敏 . 江苏省银行网点分布格局及其影响因素研究[J]. 地理科学, 2017 , 37(12) : 1867 -1874 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.12.010
Taking Jiangsu Province as the research object, based on the geographic data of banks on the network platform, using the methods of nearest neighbor index, Ripley's K function and multiple linear regression analysis, this article respectively studies the spatial distribution characteristics of the 5 major commercial banks, agricultural financial institutions, small and medium commercial banks, local banks of Jiangsu and foreign banks, and reveals the influencing factors of location choices of banks. The results show that, the spatial distribution of banks in Jiangsu Province is obviously denser in the south than in the north on the whole. The spatial clustering is characterized by "dense in urban areas and scattered on periphery". Different types of banks are different in terms of functional orientation and market positioning. Thus in addition to the common characteristics in urban area, the density and service range are different in the peripheral area. The proportion of urban built-up area, population size, regional per capita GDP, the number of industrial enterprises above designated size, the urbanization rate and the proportion of the output value of the secondary and tertiary industries are the main factors influencing the location selection of the bank, but their influences vary depending on the nature of different banks. The 5 major commercial banks tend to be located in large-populated, highly urbanized cities, while the agricultural financial institutions are more dependent on agricultural population factors. Small and medium-sized commercial banks prefer to be located in developed areas where the secondary and tertiary thrive. The number of industrial enterprises above designated size has a significant impact on the layout of Jiangsu local banks, while foreign banks are mainly distributed in open cities that are rich in foreign capital. The influence of institutional factors, such as the administrative level and the nature of cities, on the location selection of banks is not prominent.
Fig.1 Distribution of bank network in Jiangsu Province图1 江苏省银行网点分布 |
Table 1 NNI of bank network in Jiangsu Province表1 江苏省不同类型银行网点最近邻距离分析 |
银行类型 | 平均最近邻距离(m) | 期望平均最近 邻距离(m) | 最近邻指数(NNI) | Z检 验值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
五大商业银行 | 910.01 | 4108.65 | 0.22149 | -103.67 |
农业金融机构 | 3439.21 | 5310.32 | 0.64765 | -37.18 |
中小商业银行 | 3726.75 | 5531.84 | 0.67369 | -32.89 |
江苏地方银行 | 3832.25 | 10957.05 | 0.34975 | -30.51 |
外资银行 | 2383.30 | 18075.33 | 0.13185 | -7.2394 |
Fig. 2 Ripley’s K function for different types of bank network in Jiangsu Province图2 江苏省不同类型银行网点的Ripley’s K函数分析结果 |
Fig.3 Distribution of different types of bank network in Jiangsu Province图3 江苏省不同类型银行网点分布 |
Fig.4 The correlation coefficient between bank network and influencing factors in Jiangsu Province图4 银行网点数量与因素指标的相关性 |
Table 2 The multiple linear regression model of bank network in Jiangsu Province表2 江苏省银行网点分布的多元线性回归模型估计结果 |
变量 | FB | RB | MB | JB |
---|---|---|---|---|
lnA | -0.09325 | 0.2398 | -0.01421 | 0.4137 |
lnG | 0.12109 | 0.5616 | 0.79982 | 1.1379 |
lnU | 0.38037 | -0.8699 | -5.51687 | 0.5689 |
lnT | -0.10075 | 0.1591 | 0.97895 | -0.2089 |
lnP | 0.41947 | 0.4738 | 0.62916 | -1.1171 |
lnE | 0.13904 | -0.1291 | -0.01414 | 0.6091 |
C | 0.03421 | -0.3035 | 0.67168 | -0.2604 |
F | 0.05842 | 0.3090 | 0.18651 | 0.5978 |
常数项 | -6.98551 | -6.4874 | -2.62794 | -10.4350 |
F检验 | 17.79 | 7.887 | 7.778 | 6.283 |
Adj. R2 | 0.918 | 0.8211 | 0.8188 | 0.7789 |
同方差性检验(>0.05) | 0.8346 | 0.61244 | 0.4025 | 0.80607 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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