高等教育国际合作办学的时空动态及其对跨境知识合作的影响
金红(2001—),女,贵州毕节人,硕士,主要研究方向为全球科技地理。E-mail: 1412867912@qq.com |
收稿日期: 2022-06-30
修回日期: 2022-09-19
录用日期: 2023-01-04
网络出版日期: 2023-06-26
基金资助
国家社会科学基金项目(21ZDA011)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目华东师范大学人文社会科学智库基地建设委托项目(2022zkjdjs020)
版权
The spatial dynamics of international cooperation in higher education and its impact on cross-border knowledge collaboration
Received date: 2022-06-30
Revised date: 2022-09-19
Accepted date: 2023-01-04
Online published: 2023-06-26
Supported by
National Social Science Foundation of China(21ZDA011)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022zkjdjs020)
Copyright
利用ArcGIS空间分析方法、面板回归及负二项回归模型,探究1966—2020年国家和城市尺度下高等教育国际合作办学发展的时空特征及其对跨境知识合作的溢出效应。研究发现:① 高等教育国际合作办学母校分布呈现出稳定的由美国和西欧地区主导的特征,法国巴黎、美国纽约和俄罗斯莫斯科是三大国际合作办学的供给中心城市;② 高等教育国际合作办学分校分布上呈现出由加拿大-西欧主导向东亚-中东地区主导转变,阿联酋迪拜作为高等教育国际分校中心的地位不断强化;③ 高等教育国际合作办学网络呈现出由以美国为单核的放射网络结构向以美国、英国、法国为核心的多核放射网络结构演化,美国一直是国际合作办学最大的供给中心,但发展中国家(地区)正加速融入国际合作办学网络;④ 多维邻近性分析框架下的回归模型结果显示,国际合作办学对跨境知识合作呈现出显著且稳定的正向溢出效应,其溢出主渠道为国际分校与母校间的合作。
金红 , 段德忠 , 祁新华 . 高等教育国际合作办学的时空动态及其对跨境知识合作的影响[J]. 地理科学, 2023 , 43(6) : 992 -1000 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.06.006
Focusing on the development trend of substantive cross-border higher education, and using international branch campuses to represent international cooperation in higher education. This paper explores the spatial and temporal characteristics of the development of international cooperation in higher education at the national and urban scales from 1966 to 2020 and its spillover effect on knowledge collaboration between countries (regions). The study finds that: 1) The distribution of the parent schools of international branch campuses shows a stable feature dominated by the United States and Western Europe, and Paris, New York and Moscow are the three major supply centers of international cooperation in higher education; 2) The distribution of international branch campuses shows a shift from Canada-West Europe-led to East Asia-Middle East-led, and Dubai's position as the center of international branch campuses has been strengthened; 3) The network of international cooperation in higher education has evolved from the radiation network structure with the United States as the single core to the multi-core radiation network structure with the United States, Britain and France as the core. The United States has been the largest supply center for international branch campuses, and developing countries (regions) are accelerating their integration into the network of international cooperation in higher education; 4) The regression model results under the framework of multidimensional proximity analysis show that international cooperative education has a significant and stable positive spillover effect on knowledge collaboration among countries (regions), and the main channel of spillover is the collaboration between international branch campuses and parent schools.
表1 国际合作办学对国家(地区)知识合作效应的回归结果Table 1 Regression results of the effect of international cooperative education on national (regional) research collaboration |
模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | |
注:*、***为P< 0.1、P< 0.01;括号内数值为标准误;/表示在模型中未纳入相应变量,为空值。 | |||||
国家i发文量 | 0.0188*** | 0.0188*** | 0.0187*** | 0.0187*** | 0.0187*** |
(0.0021) | (0.0021) | (0.0021) | (0.0021) | (0.0021) | |
国家j发文量 | 0.0098*** | 0.0098*** | 0.0098*** | 0.0098*** | 0.0098*** |
(0.001 0) | (0.001 0) | (0.0010) | (0.0010) | (0.001 0) | |
国际合作办学数量 | 42.6300*** | 42.5800*** | 42.4700*** | 42.4600*** | 42.4700*** |
(10.1500) | (10.1600) | (10.0900) | (10.0900) | (10.0800) | |
地理邻近性 | / | -0.0007*** | -0.0006*** | -0.0006*** | -0.0006*** |
(0.000 1) | (0.000 1) | (0.000 1) | (0.000 1) | ||
社会邻近性 | / | / | 57.2100*** | 57.2700*** | 57.2900*** |
(2.6190) | (2.6220) | (2.6220) | |||
经济邻近性 | / | / | / | 0.7270*** | 0.7300*** |
(0.1790) | (0.1790) | ||||
语言邻近性 | / | / | / | / | -2.7140* |
(1.639 0) | |||||
常量 | 1.4650*** | 6.2120*** | 4.1820*** | 3.9310*** | 4.3560*** |
(0.6340) | (1.0470) | (1.0280) | (1.0090) | (1.0340) | |
样本量 | 85393 | 85393 | 85393 | 85393 | 85393 |
表2 国际分校科研合作与国际合作办学关系的负二项式回归估计结果Table 2 Negative binomial regression result between international branch campus research collaboration and the relationship of international cooperative education |
模型1 | 模型2 | |
注:*、** 、*** 分别为P< 0.1、P< 0.05、P< 0.01;括号内数值为标准误;/ 表示在模型中未纳入相应变量,为空值。y1为合作对象是其母校;y2为合作对象是其母校所在国家(地区)其他机构;y3为合作对象是国际分校所在国家(地区)其他机构;y4为合作对象是其母校已有的位于第三方国家(地区)的重要合作伙伴;y5为合作对象是除上述4种情况外的其他机构。 | ||
国际分校发文量 | 0.0009*** | 0.0009*** |
(0.0000) | (0.0000) | |
合作机构发文量 | 0.0762*** | 0.0756*** |
(0.0152) | (0.0149) | |
y5,基准组 | ||
y4 | 0.9010*** | 0.8850*** |
(0.169) | (0.1670) | |
y3 | 0.2050** | 0.3630*** |
(0.0700) | (0.1090) | |
y2 | 0.1350* | 0.2750*** |
(0.0574) | (0.0649) | |
y1 | 3.1640*** | 3.0760*** |
(0.2630) | (0.2640) | |
语言邻近性 | / | -0.4090*** |
(0.1030) | ||
地理邻近性 | / | -0.0001*** |
(0.0000) | ||
社会邻近性 | / | 0.0000** |
(0.0000) | ||
常量 | -0.0387 | 0.2900 |
(0.1800) | (0.1860) | |
样本量 | 1377 | 1377 |
过度离散Alpha检验 | 0.7372 | 0.7168 |
Log likelihood | -6971.4561 | -6949.1818 |
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