远方的家:老年生活方式移民家的感知和营造
陈敬复(1985—),男,广东汕尾人,副教授,主要研究方向为生活方式移民、旅游移民、城市生活、流动性等。E-mail: flyahayc@outlook.com |
收稿日期: 2022-01-13
修回日期: 2022-04-17
网络出版日期: 2023-08-30
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41901165)
版权
Home at a distance: Making home for elderly lifestyle migrants
Received date: 2022-01-13
Revised date: 2022-04-17
Online published: 2023-08-30
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41901165)
Copyright
家是理解老年人生活方式移民的重要维度,对迁移者的生活质量和幸福感产生巨大影响。本文选取海南三亚为案例地,关注东北候鸟老人往返三亚和原居地的季节性生活方式移民,基于定性研究数据从3个层面探究他们的家感知和营造。① 候鸟老人对三亚的家认同是复杂的、矛盾的,既有归属感又有疏离感,并通过日常休闲协商家感知的冲突。② 基于代际纽带的扩大的家在跨地方尺度的再生产持续地影响候鸟老人的异地生活实践和体验。③ 异地生活的居住条件、邻里关系、夫妻互助等影响以老年夫妇为核心的老人的家。本文贡献了综合视角分析老年生活方式移民的在地生活和家认同,同时深化了对健康导向的异地养老实践中老年人生活感知的认识。
陈敬复 , 王炳钰 . 远方的家:老年生活方式移民家的感知和营造[J]. 地理科学, 2023 , 43(8) : 1433 -1441 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2023.08.012
Home is an important dimension to understand elderly lifestyle migration and plays a crucial role in shaping the migrants' quality of life and happiness. This paper draws on the study of the seasonal lifestyle migration of the Houniao (also call 'snowbirds' who are mostly retirees from northern China) between Sanya, a tropical city in southern China, and northeastern Chinese provinces. Research data was derived from ethnographical field work in Sanya and mainly generated from interviews, participant observation and secondary data collection. Specifically, this paper explores the metaphors of home from three aspects: homely city (place-based home), extended home (collective home) and elders' home (private home). First, in Sanya, the Houniao simultaneously have senses of belonging and estrangement. Treated as outsiders by the locals, they think highly of Sanya's natural environments but keep distance from local socio-cultures. Through everyday leisure, the Houniao negotiate their ambivalent feelings of home in the tropical city. Second, extended home based on intergenerational-ties is produced at the trans-local scale and continues to influence the Houniao's daily practices and experiences in the destination place. Economic and emotional supports from the offspring and their opinions exert great impacts on the elderly migrants' motivations for seasonal migration and their post-migration lives. Third, the Houniao’s sense of home is also enormously shaped by the elderly couple's practices of home-making which are influenced by multiple issues, including living conditions, neighborhood relations, and spousal care. This paper centralises the analysis of home in lifestyle migration and foregrounds a comprehensive view of elderly migrants' diverse and complex feelings of home in receiving places. It also enriches our understanding of older people's living experiences in health-oriented mobilities and ageing practices in other places in contemporary China.
Key words: lifestyle migration; home; ageing in other places; elderly life; sense of place
表1 三亚市主要候鸟老人群体受访对象基本信息表Table 1 Background information of interviewees from key Houniao groups in Sanya |
编号 | 来源地 | 性别 | 年龄 | 迁移模式 |
HM1 | 黑龙江 | 男 | 77 | 夫妻同行 |
HM2 | 黑龙江 | 男 | 60 | 独自迁移 |
HM3 | 黑龙江 | 男 | 72 | 夫妻同行 |
HF1 | 黑龙江 | 女 | 63 | 夫妻同行 |
HM4 | 黑龙江 | 男 | 71 | 独自迁移 |
HM5 | 黑龙江 | 男 | 70 | 夫妻同行 |
HF2 | 黑龙江 | 女 | 87 | 夫妻和子女同行 |
HF3 | 黑龙江 | 女 | 83 | 夫妻同行 |
HF4 | 黑龙江 | 女 | 61 | 夫妻同行 |
HF5 | 黑龙江 | 女 | 62 | 夫妻同行 |
JF1 | 吉林 | 女 | 60 | 夫妻同行 |
JM1 | 吉林 | 男 | 70 | 独自迁移 |
JF2 | 吉林 | 女 | 74 | 夫妻同行 |
JM2 | 吉林 | 男 | 79 | 夫妻同行 |
LF1 | 辽宁 | 女 | 66 | 夫妻同行 |
LM1 | 辽宁 | 男 | 81 | 夫妻和子女同行 |
LM2 | 辽宁 | 男 | 78 | 独自迁移 |
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