基于时空间行为协调度的郑州市基础教育资源服务绩效
李欣(1981—),男,河南郑州人,副教授,主要从事城市空间大数据挖掘与分析研究。E-mail: lixin992319@163.com |
收稿日期: 2023-04-26
修回日期: 2023-08-21
网络出版日期: 2024-07-17
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41871159)
国家自然科学基金项目(41771141)
河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(202102310013)
版权
Performance of basic education resource services in Zhengzhou City based on the coordination degree of space-time behavior
Received date: 2023-04-26
Revised date: 2023-08-21
Online published: 2024-07-17
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41871159)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771141)
Key R&D and Promotion Project (Technology Research) in Henan Province(202102310013)
Copyright
本文基于时空间行为协调度的城市基础教育资源服务绩效分析方法,对郑州市教育资源需求、供给和供需关联强度进行了定量化分析,发现:① 居民居住聚集行为受到城市规划和产业布局等因素影响,在空间上并不均衡;② 主管部门持续投入和重点学校外迁,为外围城区提供了更加充沛的教育资源;③ 持续优化的道路结构和学校选址提升了区域的可达性和空间吸引力;④ 郑东新区、高新区和经开区的教育协调度提升明显,但仍有部分区域未能满足快速增长的需求。建议主管部门通过政策导向推进校际资源均衡配置,通过统计分析协调供需匹配关系,通过新技术手段和制度创新探索科学分配规则。本文较为准确地呈现了教育资源空间协调状态,可以为居民进行空间选择和管理部门优化资源配置提供参考。
李欣 . 基于时空间行为协调度的郑州市基础教育资源服务绩效[J]. 地理科学, 2024 , 44(7) : 1257 -1264 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20230371
The spatial supply-demand balance and coordination of education resource are of great significance for promoting education equity. Taking the coordination degree analysis of space-time behavior as the main line of the research, this paper quantitatively analyzes the spatial distribution of education resource demand, the spatial service capacity of supply, and the spatial correlation strength between supply and demand from the perspectives of residential aggregation behavior, demand utilization behavior, and travel preference behavior. Through analysis, it is found that: 1) The residential aggregation behavior of residents in Zhengzhou City is affected by factors such as urban planning, industrial layout, and the perfection degree of supporting facilities, and is not balanced in space. 2) With the continuous investment of the education authorities and the policy support for key schools’ relocation, abundant and high-quality education resource have been provided in the peripheral urban areas. 3) The continuous optimization of school location and road structure improves the accessibility and spatial attractiveness of local areas, which is conducive to achieving spatial coordination of education resource. 4) The space-time behavior coordination degree of education resource in Zhengzhou has improved over the past 10 years. The coordination degree in some areas of Zhengdong New District, High-tech Zone, and Economic Development Zone has been significantly improved. However, the supplement and optimization of education resource have not yet met the rapidly growing demand in some regions, and further investment is still needed. Therefore, it is recommended that the education authorities promote the balanced allocation of resource between schools through policy guidance, coordinate the supply-demand matching relationship through statistical research and scientific analysis, and explore scientific allocation rules through new technological methods and institutional innovation. The analysis results accurately present the spatial coordination status of education resource in Zhengzhou City, which can provide reference for urban residents to make spatial choices, and provide suggestions for education management departments to optimize resource allocation.
表1 郑州市教育资源空间绩效评价指标及其权重Table 1 Spatial performance evaluation indicators of education resource and their weights in Zhengzhou City |
一级指标 | 二级指标 | 权重 |
教育资源需求空间分布 (居住聚集行为) | 人口空间分布 | 0.1628 |
社区热点分布 | 0.1705 | |
教育资源供给空间服务能力 (需求利用行为) | 小学空间覆盖率 | 0.0782 |
中学空间覆盖率 | 0.0809 | |
小学加权核密度分析 | 0.0885 | |
中学加权核密度分析 | 0.0858 | |
教育资源供需空间关联强度 (出行偏好行为) | 空间句法可达性 | 0.2965 |
公共交通覆盖率 |
[1] |
陆梦秋. 撤点并校背景下农村义务教育服务半径分析[J]. 经济地理, 2016, 36(1): 143-147.
Lu Mengqiu. Analysis on school revocation and consolidation and the service radius of rural compulsory education. Economic Geography, 2016, 36(1): 143-147.
|
[2] |
宋小冬, 陈晨, 周静, 等. 城市中小学布局规划方法的探讨与改进[J]. 城市规划, 2014, 38(8): 48-56.
Song Xiaodong, Chen Chen, Zhou Jing et al. Exploration and improvement of planning methods for the distribution of primary and secondary schools. City Planning Review, 2014, 38(8): 48-56.
|
[3] |
彭永明, 王铮. 农村中小学选址的空间运筹[J]. 地理学报, 2013, 68(10): 1411-1417.
Peng Yongming, Wang Zheng. Space operation of rural primary and secondary school location. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(10): 1411-1417.
|
[4] |
孔云峰, 李小建, 张雪峰. 农村中小学布局调整之空间可达性分析——以河南省巩义市初级中学为例[J]. 遥感学报, 2008, 12(5): 800-809.
Kong Yunfeng, Li Xiaojian, Zhang Xuefeng. Analysis of spatial accessibility for school redistricting in rural China: A case study of the secondary schools in Gongyi City Henan Province. National Remote Sensing Bulletin, 2008, 12(5): 800-809.
|
[5] |
赵晨旭, 邵景安, 郭跃, 等. 山区乡村学校空间格局演变特征及发展水平[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(3): 455-470.
Zhao Chenxu, Shao Jing'an, Guo Yue et al. Spatial pattern evolvement characteristics of rural schools and their development level in the mountainous area. Geographical Research, 2016, 35(3): 455-470.
|
[6] |
曾新. 学校布局调整后县域义务教育非均衡发展状况研究[J]. 华中师范大学学报 (人文社会科学版), 2014, 53(2): 159-166.
Zeng Xin. Study on the imbalanced development of compulsory education in counties after the redistribution of ruralprimary and secondary schools. Journal of Central China Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences), 2014, 53(2): 159-166.
|
[7] |
兰峰, 张祎阳. 教育的空间效应: 均衡还是失配?——以西安市小学教育资源为例[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2018, 32(5): 19-26.
Lan Feng, Zhang Yiyang. Spatial effect of education: Match or mismatch of primary schools?—A case study of Xi'an. Journal of Arid Land resource and Environment, 2018, 32(5): 19-26.
|
[8] |
郭梦芳. 南昌市基础教育资源配置与空间布局效率评价[D]. 南昌: 江西师范大学, 2019.
Guo Mengfang. Resource allocation and spatial layout efficiency evaluation of basic education in Nanchang City. Nanchang: Jiangxi Normal University, 2019.
|
[9] |
刘凯, 刘荣增. 城镇化背景下中部农区县域中小学空间集中趋势与非均衡发展研究——以河南省泌阳县为例[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(9): 1680-1696.
Liu Kai, Liu Rongzeng. Spatial concentration tendency and unbalanced development of elementary and middle schools under the background of urbanization in central rural area: A case study of Biyang County in Henan Province. Geographical Research, 2017, 36(9): 1680-1696.
|
[10] |
化祥雨, 金祥荣, 吕海萍, 等. 高质量发展耦合协调时空格局演化及影响因素——以浙江省县域为例[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(2): 223-231.
Hua Xiangyu, Jin Xiangrong, Lyu Haiping et al. Spatial-temporal pattern evolution and influencing factors of high quality development coupling coordination: Case on counties of Zhejiang Province. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2021, 41(2): 223-231.
|
[11] |
李欣. 大城市多中心静态结构和动态关联特征分析[J]. 地理科学, 2021, 41(6): 1061-1068.
Li Xin. Static structure and dynamic correlation characteristics of polycentric structure in big city. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2021, 41(6): 1061-1068.
|
[12] |
柴彦威, 申悦, 肖作鹏, 等. 时空间行为研究动态及其实践应用前景[J]. 地理科学进展, 2012, 31(6): 667-675.
Chai Yanwei, Shen Yue, Xiao Zuopeng et al. Review for space-time behavior research: Theory frontiers and application in the future. Progress in Geography, 2012, 31(6): 667-675.
|
[13] |
穆学英, 崔璨, 徐伟. 西方城市居住行为研究进展及其对中国的启示[J]. 人文地理, 2020, 35(5): 8-17.
Mu Xueying, Cui Can, Xu Wei. A literature review of recent progress on western urban housing behavior: Implications for China's housing studies. Human Geography, 2020, 35(5): 8-17.
|
[14] |
王振坡, 黄玉洁. 居住空间分异视角下我国城市基础教育资源配置研究[J]. 天津城建大学学报, 2019, 25(1): 35-39.
Wang Zhenpo, Huang Yujie. Study of the allocation of urban basic education resource in China from the perspective of residential space differentiation. Journal of Tianjin Chengjian University, 2019, 25(1): 35-39.
|
[15] |
张堂基. 西安市中心城区小学学区空间绩效测度与配置优化研究[D]. 西安: 西安科技大学, 2021.
Zhang Tangji. Research on spatial performance measurement and allocation optimization of primary school district in Xi'an central city. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 2021.
|
[16] |
李欣. 基于POI要素空间聚集特征的城市多中心结构识别——以郑州市为例[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 56(4): 692-702.
Li Xin. Recognition of urban polycentric structure based on spatial aggregation characteristics of POI elements: A case of Zhengzhou City. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2020, 56(4): 692-702.
|
[17] |
禹文豪, 艾廷华. 核密度估计法支持下的网络空间POI点可视化与分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2015, 44(1): 82-90.
Yu Wenhao, Ai Tinghua. The visualization and analysis of POI features under network space supported by kernel density estimation. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2015, 44(1): 82-90.
|
[18] |
康盈, 桑东升, 李献忠. 大都市区范围与空间圈层界定方法与技术路线探讨——以重庆市大都市区空间发展研究为例[J]. 城市发展研究, 2015, 22(1): 22-27.
Kang Ying, Sang Dongsheng, Li Xianzhong. Metropolitan area boundary define and research method discussion: A case study of Chongqing metropolitan area plan-making. Urban Development Studies, 2015, 22(1): 22-27.
|
[19] |
比尔·希列尔. 空间是机器: 建筑组构理论[M]. 杨滔, 等译. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2008.
Hillier B. Space is the machine: A configurational theory of architecture.Translated by Yang Tao et al. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008.
|
[20] |
张安琪, 王海军, 夏畅. 基于空间句法的道路通达度作用分计算[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2018, 34(3): 108-113.
Zhang Anqi, Wang Haijun, Xia Chang. A novel method for the function of road accessibility based on space syntax. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2018, 34(3): 108-113.
|
[21] |
张海朋, 何仁伟, 李光勤, 等. 大都市区城乡融合系统耦合协调度时空演化及其影响因素——以环首都地区为例[J]. 经济地理, 2020, 40(11): 56-67.
Zhang Haipeng, He Renwei, Li Guangqin et al. Spatiotemporal evolution of coupling coordination degree of urban-rural integration system in metropolitan area and its influencing factors: Taking the Capital Region as an example. Economic Geography, 2020, 40(11): 56-67.
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |