不同经济发展水平下的区域产业退出路径研究
李伟(1990—),男,山东日照人,讲师,博士,主要从事演化经济地理学、产业发展与区域经济研究。E-mail: xiari.liwei@163.com |
收稿日期: 2023-12-02
修回日期: 2024-03-01
网络出版日期: 2025-04-17
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(42001140)
版权
Regional industrial exit paths and regional economic development
Received date: 2023-12-02
Revised date: 2024-03-01
Online published: 2025-04-17
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42001140)
Copyright
产业有序更替是地区经济发展的重要保证。当前,演化经济地理学十分重视产业演替研究,但存在重产业进入而轻产业退出的问题,并且没有较好方法定量识别关联性和非关联性退出产业。本文提出了一个定量识别关联性和非关联性退出产业的新方法,在此基础上分析了关联性和非关联性退出的数量特征与空间特征,并重点研究了(非)关联性退出与地区经济发展水平的关系。研究结果表明:①中国区域产业退出以非关联性产业退出为主,关联性产业退出相对较少。1998—2012年中国非关联性退出产业约占退出产业总数的65%,而关联性退出产业约占退出产业总数的35%。②关联性和非关联性退出存在一定空间差异。中国东部沿海地区和中部地区具有更高比例的关联性退出,西部地区具有更高比例的非关联性退出。③技术关联在产业退出中的作用随着经济发展水平的提高而降低。关联性产业退出与地区经济发展水平呈显著的正相关关系,而非关联性产业退出与地区经济发展水平呈显著的负相关关系。本研究可为地区经济发展过程中的产业有序退出提供政策建议。
李伟 , 王宛 , 伏怡铭 , 胡晓辉 , 贺灿飞 . 不同经济发展水平下的区域产业退出路径研究[J]. 地理科学, 2025 , 45(4) : 770 -782 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20231210
Regional industrial renewal has been considered as an important factor for regional economic development. Currently, evolutionary economic geography has pay much attention to the role of technological relatedness in the entry of new industries in regional industrial renewal studies, while the role of technological relatedness in the exit of incumbent industries has often been neglected. One of the reasons for this neglection is the lack of method to identify related and unrelated industries which exit from regions. This paper develops a new method to identify related and unrelated exit industries. Based on this method, we first analyze the number and spatial distribution of related and unrelated exit industries and then further investigate the relationship between (un)related exit and the level of regional economic development. The findings are shown as follows. First, compared with related exit industries, the number of unrelated exit industries are much larger. The number of unrelated exit industries account for about 65% in the total number of exit industries from 1998 to 2012, while the figure for related exit industries is at about 35%. This means that technological relatedness play an important role in the exit of industries in regions. This finding is in line with the previous studies. Second, the spatial distribution of unrelated and related industries varies. Regions in eastern and central China has more related exit industries while the regions in western China has more unrelated exit industries. Third, technological related play a decreasing role in the economic development process. We find that the share of unrelated exit industries in regions is positively associated with the level of regional economic development while there is a negative relationship between the share of related exit industries in regions and the level of regional economic development. The findings of this paper have important implications for policymakers in pursuit of eliminating backward production capacity and promoting industrial renewal.
表1 变量设定Table 1 Definition of variables |
变量名称 | 测量与赋值 | ||
因变量 | 非关联性产业退出 | FG | t到t+4年非关联性退出产业占城市退出产业总数的比重 |
关联性产业退出 | GL | t到t+4年关联性退出产业占城市退出产业总数的比重 | |
核心自变量 | 地区经济发展水平 | FZ | t年城市经济复杂度对数值 |
控制变量 | 市场化水平 | MA | t年外资企业和私有企业工业产值占地区GDP比重 |
参与出口 | EX | t年出口交货值占地区GDP比重 | |
外商投资 | FD | t年人均外商直接投资对数值 | |
人力资本 | HC | t年城市高等学校学生人数占全市总人口比重对数值 | |
基础设施水平 | RO | t年城市公路里程与行政区面积之比对数值 | |
人口密度 | PO | t年城市人口密度对数值 | |
地方政府作用 | GO | t年财政支出/GDP | |
开发区政策 | ZO | t年开发区数量 |
表2 (非)关联性产业退出与地区经济复杂度Table 2 Relationship between (un) related exit and regional economic complexity |
变量名 | 方程(1)FG | 方程(2)FG | 方程(3)FG | 方程(4)FG | 方程(5)FG | 方程(6)FG | 方程(7)FG |
注:括号内的数字为回归系数的标准误;*** P<0.01, ** P <0.05, * P <0.1;除方程(1)和(8)样本量为3 685个,其余均为3 674个;除方程(1)和(8)城市数为335,其余均为334;城市与年份固定效应均为“是”;Prob>Chi2全部为0;港澳台数据暂缺;空白为无此项;变量含义见表1。 | |||||||
FZ | −5.209*** | −5.682*** | −5.703*** | −5.694*** | −5.678*** | ||
(0.218) | (0.232) | (0.329) | (0.356) | (0.357) | |||
MA | −3.535*** | −2.784** | −3.172*** | −3.435*** | −3.380*** | −3.417*** | |
(1.269) | (1.265) | (1.163) | (1.188) | (1.191) | (1.192) | ||
EX | 5.963** | 8.062*** | 13.872*** | 14.239*** | 14.235*** | 14.258*** | |
(2.425) | (2.414) | (2.090) | (2.162) | (2.166) | (2.165) | ||
FD | −0.644*** | −0.532*** | −0.010 | −0.005 | −0.010 | ||
(0.172) | (0.171) | (0.163) | (0.163) | (0.163) | |||
HC | −1.330*** | −0.961*** | −0.185 | −0.184 | −0.181 | ||
(0.205) | (0.210) | (0.184) | (0.186) | (0.186) | |||
RO | −1.581*** | 0.331 | 0.398 | ||||
(0.450) | (0.411) | (0.555) | |||||
PO | −2.626*** | 0.144 | −0.085 | ||||
(0.370) | (0.353) | (0.476) | |||||
GO | 4.771* | 1.192 | −4.131 | −4.202 | −4.202 | ||
(2.744) | (2.784) | (2.613) | (2.644) | (2.643) | |||
ZO | −0.407*** | −0.394*** | −0.095 | −0.093 | −0.096 | ||
(0.094) | (0.093) | (0.088) | (0.088) | (0.089) | |||
常数项 | 36.688*** | 73.986*** | 64.818*** | 34.189*** | 35.691*** | 35.786*** | 35.609*** |
(1.588) | (1.383) | (2.029) | (1.883) | (2.533) | (2.566) | (2.576) | |
Wald Chi2 | 621.7 | 285.9 | 335.7 | 723.1 | 733.1 | 731.2 | 733.0 |
变量名 | 方程(8)GL | 方程(9)GL | 方程(10)GL | 方程(11)GL | 方程(12)GL | 方程(13)GL | 方程(14)GL |
FZ | 5.209*** | 5.682*** | 5.703*** | 5.694*** | 5.678*** | ||
(0.218) | (0.232) | (0.329) | (0.356) | (0.357) | |||
MA | 3.535*** | 2.784** | 3.172*** | 3.435*** | 3.380*** | 3.417*** | |
(1.269) | (1.265) | (1.163) | (1.188) | (1.191) | (1.192) | ||
EX | −5.963** | −8.062*** | −13.872*** | −14.239*** | −14.235*** | −14.258*** | |
(2.425) | (2.414) | (2.090) | (2.162) | (2.166) | (2.165) | ||
FD | 0.644*** | 0.532*** | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.010 | ||
(0.172) | (0.171) | (0.163) | (0.163) | (0.163) | |||
HC | 1.330*** | 0.961*** | 0.185 | 0.184 | 0.181 | ||
(0.205) | (0.210) | (0.184) | (0.186) | (0.186) | |||
RO | 1.581*** | −0.331 | −0.398 | ||||
(0.450) | (0.411) | (0.555) | |||||
PO | 2.626*** | −0.144 | 0.085 | ||||
(0.370) | (0.353) | (0.476) | |||||
GO | −4.771* | −1.192 | 4.131 | 4.202 | 4.202 | ||
(2.744) | (2.784) | (2.613) | (2.644) | (2.643) | |||
ZO | 0.407*** | 0.394*** | 0.095 | 0.093 | 0.096 | ||
(0.094) | (0.093) | (0.088) | (0.088) | (0.089) | |||
常数项 | 63.312*** | 26.014*** | 35.182*** | 65.811*** | 64.309*** | 64.214*** | 64.391*** |
(1.588) | (1.383) | (2.029) | (1.883) | (2.533) | (2.566) | (2.576) | |
Wald Chi2 | 621.7 | 285.9 | 335.7 | 723.1 | 733.1 | 731.2 | 733.0 |
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