生态视角下吉林省粮食生产效率偏差时空演变与影响因素研究
李冬梅(1990—),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,副教授,博士,主要从事土地利用与乡村发展研究。E-mail: lidm17@neau.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2023-10-16
修回日期: 2024-02-20
网络出版日期: 2025-04-29
版权
Spatio-temporal evolution and determinants of grain production efficiency deviation in Jilin Province from ecological perspective
Received date: 2023-10-16
Revised date: 2024-02-20
Online published: 2025-04-29
Copyright
本文从粮食生产的生态视角出发,在构建绿色粮食生产效率和传统粮食生产效率偏差率模型的基础上,分析2000—2019年吉林省县域粮食生产效率偏差的时空特征,并利用地理探测器模型剖析影响因素的作用。研究发现:①吉林省传统粮食生产效率与绿色粮食生产效率综合水平的变化趋势均为“U”型,但传统粮食生产效率整体上更优;二者的空间分布格局均呈现中西部稳定高值,中、东部剧烈波动,边缘区轻微波动的特征。②吉林省东、中、西部地区粮食生产效率均为负向偏差,前期效率偏差加重,后期略有缓和。空间上,2类粮食生产效率高且稳定的地区,偏差程度相对更轻。③要素投入水平、社会经济水平和自然环境因素的影响在空间上具有一致性,但作用强度存在明显的区域异质性。吉林省东部地区应重点关注要素投入水平对效率偏差的影响,中部地区需综合考虑3类要素的复杂强影响;西部地区应统筹考虑3类要素的均衡弱影响,为更好平衡粮食增产和绿色发展,应在分区管控的基础上,探索并落实切实可行的农户绿色生产方式,以及农业现代化的政策和科技支持。
李冬梅 , 祁悦 , 龚河阳 , 杨奇峰 , 张平宇 . 生态视角下吉林省粮食生产效率偏差时空演变与影响因素研究[J]. 地理科学, 2025 , 45(5) : 1050 -1061 . DOI: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20230984
From the ecological perspective of grain production, carbon emissions from grain production were selected as the index of non-expected output, and based on estimating green grain production efficiency and traditional grain production efficiency with non-expected output SBM model and DEA model, a deviation rate model was constructed to quantify the deviation between the two, and used to describe the spatial-temporal characteristics of the deviation of grain production efficiency at county level in Jilin Province in 2000—2019. The influence factors' effects in Jilin Province and sub-regions were analyzed using the geographical detector in our study. The results showed that: The change trends of traditional grain production efficiency and green grain production efficiency in Jilin Province were both U-shaped, but the traditional grain production efficiency was better overall. The spatial distribution pattern of traditional grain production efficiency and green grain production efficiency both showed the characteristics of stable high values in the west-central regions, sharp fluctuations in the central and eastern regions, and slight fluctuations in the marginal regions. Then, from an ecological perspective of grain production, the grain production efficiency in east, middle and west of Jilin Province was all negative deviation, which the deviation degree of grain production efficiency increased in the early stage and eased slightly in the later stage. Spatially, the deviation in the marginal areas of Jilin Province had always been heavy. While areas with higher and stability grain production efficiency of both two types demonstrated smaller efficiency deviations. Moreover, greater disparities between these two types resulted in more pronounced changes in deviation. The influence of the three factors was spatially consistent in the east, middle and west of Jilin Province, but the effect intensity had obvious regional heterogeneity. The input level of production factors was the main factor affecting the efficiency deviation in eastern region of Jilin Province and should be valued. However, social and economic status indirectly affects the efficiency deviation. As the basic factor affecting the deviation, the natural environment factor had a strong uncertainty. Therefore, the complex and strong effects of three kinds of factors should be considered comprehensively in the central region of Jilin Province, and the balanced weak influence of three factors in the western region of Jilin Province should be considered. To achieve a better balance between grain production and green development, it is imperative to explore and implement practical modern agricultural techniques tailored to regional control alongside preferential policies and scientific-technological support for agricultural modernization.
表1 粮食生产效率测算指标体系Table 1 Evaluation index system of grain production efficiency in Jilin Province |
指标 | 变量 | 变量说明 |
投入 | 土地投入 | 粮食播种面积 |
劳动力投入 | 粮食生产劳动力 | |
机械投入 | 粮食生产机械总动力 | |
化肥投入 | 粮食生产化肥施用量 | |
水资源投入 | 粮食生产有效灌溉面积 | |
产出 | 期望产出 | 粮食总产量 |
非期望产出 | 粮食生产碳排放总量 |
注:粮食权重系数=粮食作物播种面积/农作物播种面积;粮食生产碳排放总量为各类碳排放源与碳排放系数乘积之和。 |
表2 粮食生产效率偏差的影响因素指标体系Table 2 Indicator system of grain production efficiency deviation in Jilin Province |
要素类型 | 影响指标 | 变量说明 | 参考文献 |
要素投入水平 | 地均从业人员/(人/hm2) | 农林牧渔劳动力/耕地面积 | 许波等[36] |
机械化水平/(kW/hm2) | 农业机械总动力/农作物播种面积 | 许波等[36] | |
化肥施用强度/(t/hm2) | 农用化肥施用量/农作物播种面积 | 郭永奇等[34] | |
有效灌溉率/% | 有效灌溉面积/耕地面积 | 郭永奇等[34] | |
社会经济水平 | 农村居民人均收入/(元/人) | 农村居民人均收入 | 王宝义等[37] |
财政支农水平/% | 财政支农林水事务支出/财政总支出 | 洪开荣等[35] | |
经济结构/% | 第一产业产值/县域地区生产总值 | 洪开荣等[35] | |
人口密度/(人/hm2) | 总人口/行政区面积 | 盖美等[38] | |
自然环境因素 | 降水量/mm | 年总降水量 | Zheng等[39] |
地表温度/℃ | 年平均白天地表温度LST数据 | Zheng等[39] | |
地形起伏度/m | 最大高程值与最小高程值的差值 | Ma 等[40] | |
耕地占比/% | 耕地面积/土地总面积 | Ma 等[40] |
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