Abstract: Biandukou and Haxi section recorded climatic changes in Holocene, Eastern Qilian Mountains. Susceptibility, organic carbon content and CaCO₃ content are used as excellent proxies to summer monsoon, mainly the precipitation. Compared with the Dunde ice-core record, used as the thermal proxy, here we can rebuild the hydro-thermal characteristic in Holocene in this region. During the 7.2-6.0 Ka B. P., in eastern China and many other regions, climate characteristic was high temperature and high precipitation. But, in eastern Qilian Mountains, this period was not the optimum, it’s only relatively suitable. The climate optimum took place during 5.2-4.0 ka B. P., not in the same time with Megathermal Maximum. Significant environment deterioration took place in 4.0 ka B. P. and 3.0 ka B. P., but the former was more distinct than the latter. So we took 4.0 ka B. P. as the boundary of the middle Holocene and the late. Changes of ancient civilizations serviced as another proof for climatic changes. In 2.0-1.0 ka B. P., scores of climatic proxies showed another climate suitable period, but the leaching depth of CaCO₃ was shallow and the Dunde ice-core recorded the drop of temperature. Analysis of modern weather data shows that humidity has an incline to drop beyond a certain high temperature in arid and semi-arid region. While in subhumid regions, humidity increases with the increase of temperature and this may give the possibility of the assembly of high temperature and high humidity as now as in the middle Holocene(7.2-6.0 ka B. P.). Environment qualities in arid and semi-arid regions mainly depend on water since it is the most important in all the factors. So temperature and humidity would not reach their maximum simultaneously in the studied area.