Abstract: There are 11 coal-mining cities in the Northeast China, which confront difficulties in the aspects of economic and environment sustainable development. In this paper the authors analyze the present situation and the distinguishing features of coal-mining city in the Northeast China, point out that there are some difficulties existed in these cities, which include economic benefits declining, eec-environment’s deterioration, infrastructure’s getting behind and industrial structure’s becoming irrational; probe into what leaded to these difficulties from three varying degree: social microeconomic background, rational economy and enterprise behavior; finally, put forward five suggestion about sustainable development, in which the key measures are adjusting industrial structure and protecting eco-environment.