河流水质风险评价的灰色随机风险率方法

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2002.02.249

地理科学 ›› 2002, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 249-252.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2002.02.249

河流水质风险评价的灰色随机风险率方法

胡国华¹, 夏军², 赵沛伦³

1. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 湖南长沙 410081;
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
3. 黄河水资源保护科学研究所, 河南郑州 450004

收稿日期:2001-02-13 修回日期:2001-07-19 出版日期:2002-03-20 发布日期:2002-03-20

Grey-stochastic Risk Assessment Method for River Water Quality

HU Guo-hua¹, Xia Jun², ZHAO Pei-lun³

1. College of Land & Resources, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081;
2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101;
3. Institute of Water Resource Protection of the Yellow River, Zhengzhou, Henan 450004

Received:2001-02-13 Revised:2001-07-19 Online:2002-03-20 Published:2002-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 提出了量化影响河流水质的随机不确定性与灰色不确定性的水质超标灰色-随机风险率概念,建立了水质超标灰色-随机风险率评价模型。在水质单项参数评价模型中,将河流污染物浓度变量的分布处理成灰色概率分布,将污染物浓度超过水质类别标准值的风险率处理成灰色概率,即水质超标灰色-随机风险率。在水质综合评价模型中,河流水环境系统被考虑为担任某一使用功能的可靠性系统,而任意一种水质参数超标意味着河流水体使用功能已不能得到应有的保证,也即表明水体综合评价超标,最后借鉴系统可靠性分析的理论和方法计算水质综合超标率。该方法应用于黄河花园口断面重金属污染风险评价。

Abstract: The river water environment system is a system with many uncertainties. The risk assessment quantifying the influence of uncertainties on river water quality have been paid attention to widely. However, the most of research on risk assessment for river water quality confined to quantify stochastic uncertainty of the river water environmental system using the method of statistics. The research on quantifying the risk due to grey uncertainty of the river water environmental system is done less. Based on the theory of probability and grey system approach, the concepts of grey probability, grey probability distribution, grey probability density, grey expectation and grey variance are defined in this paper. The concept of grey-stochastic risk for water quality concentrations exceeding the standard values is presented to quantify the influence of stochastic uncertainty and grey uncertainty on river water quality. The assessment models of grey-stochastic risk for water quality concentrations exceeding the standard values are established. In the assessment model for the individual parameter, the contaminant concentration is modeled as a random variable with a grey probability distribution and the risk for contaminant concentration exceeding the standard value is expressed with grey probability-the grey-stochastic risk for water quality concentrations exceeding the standard values. In the model of comprehensive assessment for multiple parameters, the river water environmental system is considered as the reliability system to undertake useful function, and the result that the concentration of anyone of water quality parameters exceeds the standard value shows that the useful function of river water environmental system cannot be guaranteed. Lastly, the comprehensive risks for water quality concentrations exceeding the standard values are computed by using the approach of reliability system. An example of application to evaluate the grey-stochastic risks for heavy metals concentrations exceeding the standard values in the Yellow River at the Huayuankou section is given. The results provide more information and are satisfactory.

中图分类号:

X143

胡国华, 夏军, 赵沛伦. 河流水质风险评价的灰色随机风险率方法[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(2): 249-252.

HU Guo-hua, Xia Jun, ZHAO Pei-lun. Grey-stochastic Risk Assessment Method for River Water Quality[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2002, 22(2): 249-252.

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河流水质风险评价的灰色随机风险率方法

Grey-stochastic Risk Assessment Method for River Water Quality

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