地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2010, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 748-754.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2010.05.748

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

最小数据方法在生态补偿中的应用——以甘南黄河水源补给区为例

赵雪雁1,2, 董霞1   

  1. 1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 中国科学院寒区旱区工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730030
  • 收稿日期:2009-09-23 修回日期:2010-01-22 出版日期:2010-09-20 发布日期:2010-09-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目"黑河流域生态补偿研究"(40971291)、教育部科学技术研究重点项目"甘南黄河水源补给区生态补偿机制研究"资助。

Application of Minimum-data Approach in Ecological Compensation—A Case of Huanghe River Water Supply Area of Gannan

ZHAO Xue-yan1,2, DONG Xia1   

  1. 1. The College of Geography and Environment Science, North-west Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070;
    2. Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
  • Received:2009-09-23 Revised:2010-01-22 Online:2010-09-20 Published:2010-09-20

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摘要： 甘南黄河水源补给区蓄水、补水功能对整个黄河流域水资源调节起了关键作用,亟需建立生态补偿机制保护生态环境。采用最小数据方法模拟出了草地水源涵养服务供给曲线,根据不同的生态恢复目标,确定补偿标准,估算新增水源涵养量。研究结果显示:(1) 通过生态补偿提高甘南黄河水源补给区水源涵养能力是可行的; (2)当合作、夏河、玛曲、碌曲、卓尼、临潭的补偿额分别达1 024.3、999.79、861.74、1 008.54、585.54、983.22元/hm2时,该区退化草地将全部禁牧,将新增水源涵养量2.253×109m3;(3) 草地提供的水源涵养服务和农户经济行为存在空间异质性,因此应建立差别化、动态化补偿标准。

Abstract: The Huanghe (Yellow) River Water Supply Area of Gannan lies in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, so it can be considered as the important part of the water tower of China and the protection of its water resources is crucial. The minimum-data approach, which integrates the spatial heterogeneity of the biophysical environment and the economic behavior of farmers, is a transparent and cost effective tool to quantify the effect of financial incentives in the conservation of water resource. Policy relevant information can be generated without the need to conduct expensive field survey and to set up more elaborate economics simulation models. The paper makes use of the precipitation storage model to simulate the additional water conservation from grazing to grazing prohibition, then applies the minimum-data approach to simulate the supply curve of the water conservation of the grassland ecosystem from the spatial distribution of opportunity cost per unit of water conservation. The results show that it is theoretically possible to increase water conservation quantity by implementing the ecological compensation in the Huanghe River Water Supply Area of Gannan, and the initial equilibrium supply of water before farmers are given payments is 5.954?107 m3. When the compensation standard of the Hezuo,Xiahe,Maqu, Luqu, Zhuni and Lintan respectively equal to 1024.3 yuan/ha, 999.79 yuan/ha, 861.74 yuan/ha, 1008.54 yuan/ha, 585.54 yuan/ha and 983.22 yuan/ha, all of the degradation grassland will be prohibited from grazing, the additional water conservation will equals to 2.253?109 m3 in the Huanghe River Water Supply Area of Gannan. That is to say,it would be technically and economically feasible to pay farmers to increase water conservation quality and secure the water tower of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This water supply curve can be used by policy decision makers to assess how much farmers are willing to supply at a given price per unit of water. Integrated with an assessment of how much water is expected, the efficient water and grassland protection policy can be implemented.

中图分类号: 

  • F062.2