Abstract: The various types of technicians are taken as S&T talents in the study, and coefficient of variation, standard deviation and their coefficient are adopted to analyze the evolution of regional differences of the number of S&T talents in Jiangsu Province from 1996 to 2008. The factors to affect the regional differences of the number of S&T talents are studied quantitatively and qualitatively. It comes to the conclusion that the total number of S&T talents keeps increasing from 1996 to 2008 in Jiangsu Province, but its absolute difference as well as relative difference has a significant widening trend, and S&T talents are more concentrated in the Southern Jiangsu. The differences of S&T talents are caused primarily by the differences between zones in Jiangsu Province, keeping accounting for above 70% of the total variance after 1996 and more than 83% since 2000. It shows that the differences between zones decreased firstly and then increased rapidly before 1998. The northern Jiangsu has the largest differences of the number of S&T talents while the middle area occupies the least. Urban fixed assets investment is one of the most important factors that influenced the changes of the number of S&T talents, and policies also have a significant and rapid impact on changes of the number of S&T talents. GDP and the number of Internet users have certain influnlences on changes of the number of S&T talents. However, the average wage of workers interprets the regional differences of the number of S&T talents to a limited extent.