辽宁沿海经济带工业环境效率分析

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.03.294

地理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 294-300.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.03.294

辽宁沿海经济带工业环境效率分析

佟连军¹(), 宋亚楠^1,²(), 韩瑞玲^1,², 李名升³

1.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 吉林长春 130012
2.中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
3.中国环境监测总站, 北京 100012

收稿日期:2011-06-21 修回日期:2012-02-09 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-03-25
作者简介:
作者简介：佟连军(1960-),男,吉林长春人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事环境与发展方向研究。E-mail: tonglj@neigae.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41071086)、中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-342-2)资助

Industrial Environmental Efficiency of Costal Economic Belt in Liaoning Province

Lian-jun TONG¹(), Ya-nan SONG^1,²(), Rui-ling HAN^1,², Ming-sheng LI³

1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China

Received:2011-06-21 Revised:2012-02-09 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环境效率是生态效率的重要组成部分。基于环境效率对于指导区域经济与环境协调发展的重要意义,以重工业基地辽宁沿海经济带为例作环境效率研究,应用数据包络分析（DEA）和随机前沿分析（SFA）测算辽宁沿海经济带2001~2009年工业环境效率和产出弹性。在此基础上利用Tobit模型构建多元线性回归,分析工业环境效率的关键影响因素。结果表明：2001~2009年辽宁沿海经济带工业环境效率有大幅提高,但与理想状况仍有一定差距。其中大连的工业经济增长主要依靠劳动力推动,对环境成本的依赖正在减小,丹东、营口和葫芦岛3市的工业增长需要牺牲更多的环境成本。重工业化、资本密集化和高新技术化不利于工业环境效率提高,经济发展水平的提高则极大地促进了工业环境效率的提高。所有制结构、生产规模、外商投资和环境管理力度等因素因其作用的两面性,对工业环境效率无有效影响。

关键词: 工业环境效率, 数据包络分析（DEA）, 随机前沿分析（SFA）, Tobit模型, 辽宁沿海经济带

Abstract:

Environmental efficiency is an essential element of eco-efficiency because of its important role in the evaluation of the level of regional green development. Taking the heavy industrial base in Northeast China, Liaoning coastal economic belt, as the study area, this article measures its industrial environmental efficiency and identified factors′ significant function on the transformation of environmental efficiency. In this study, the data envelope analysis (DEA) and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) are employed in the computation of industrial environmental efficiency of Liaoning costal economic belt over the period of 2001-2009. Then, this study builds a multiple linear regression using Tobit model to identify factors that influence industrial environmental efficiency. The results indicate that, in 2001-2009, Liaoning costal industrial environmental efficiency improved from 0.15 to 0.44, but there was still a gap compared with ideal production status. Industrial environmental efficiencies of the 6 cities in this area were quite different. Panjin had the highest industrial environmental efficiency and Dandong the lowest. Dalian had the best output elasticity as its industrial growth was promoted mostly by the increase of labor force, and had the least reliance upon environmental cost. However, the growth of industrial economy in the cities of Dandong, Yingkou and Huludao still had strong dependence on the increase of environmental cost. There were 4 factors acting on environmental efficiency significantly. They were proportion of heavy industry, capital-labor ratio, proportion of hi-tech industry and citizens′ living standard. The increase of heavy industrial proportion and capitalization reduced industrial environmental efficiency. The development of hi-tech industry also decreased environmental efficiency as it focused on equipment manufacturing and petrochemical industry which produce large amount of waste. Progress of citizens′ living standard increased environmental efficiency for citizens not only demanded more industrial products but also requested better surviving environment. Other factors like ownership, production scale, foreign investment, environmental management did not have significant function. The environmental efficiency did not decrease or increase with the reduction of proportion of nation-owned enterprises or large enterprises. The fast augmentation of foreign investment did not pull up environmental efficiency as expected. As the management of environmental quality did not perform continually, it is not useful in the increase of environmental efficiency. In the future industrial development, in order to raise environmental efficiency, Liaoning coastal economic belt should impair the share of heavy industry, develop the hi-tech industry scientifically without causing more severe environmental problems, introduce foreign investment more prudently without bringing in more pollution and strengthen environmental control.

Key words: industrial environmental efficiency, data envelope analysis, stochastic frontier analysis, Tobit model, Liaoning costal economic belt

中图分类号:

K902

佟连军, 宋亚楠, 韩瑞玲, 李名升. 辽宁沿海经济带工业环境效率分析[J]. 地理科学, 2012, 32(3): 294-300.

Lian-jun TONG, Ya-nan SONG, Rui-ling HAN, Ming-sheng LI. Industrial Environmental Efficiency of Costal Economic Belt in Liaoning Province[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012, 32(3): 294-300.

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	备选模型设定			模型检验
	条件	自变量数	参照模型	对数似然函数	LR	似然比检验	Gamma
模型1	无	20	-	20.02	-	-	0.002
模型2	α_jl=0（j≠l）,β_km=0（k≠m）	16	1	23.94	-7.88	接受	0.031
模型3	α_jl=0（j≠l）,β_km=0（k≠m）,δ_j,k=0	10	2	32.46	-17.05	接受	0.918
模型4	α_jl=0,β_km=0,	11	2	13.18	21.52	拒绝	0.002
模型5	α_jl=0,β_km=0,δ_j,k=0	5	4	0.04	26.27	拒绝	0.205
模型6	δ_j,k=0	14	1	31.31	-22.56	接受	0.575
模型7	α_jl=0（j=l）,β_km=0（k=m）,δ_j,k=0	9	6	26.1	10.41	接受	0.547

	大连	丹东	锦州	营口	盘锦	葫芦岛
传统投入	1.85	0.17	0.49	0.02	0.72	0.59
固定资产	0.30	0.24	0.25	0.26	0.28	0.26
劳动力	1.56	-0.07	0.25	-0.24	0.44	0.33
环境投入	-0.07	0.25	0.18	0.04	0.26	0.67
废水	-0.02	0.17	0.18	0.19	0.25	0.21
废气	0.10	0.24	0.17	0.10	0.25	0.15
固体废弃物	-0.15	-0.16	-0.16	-0.25	-0.24	0.32

辽宁沿海经济带工业环境效率分析

Industrial Environmental Efficiency of Costal Economic Belt in Liaoning Province

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