地理科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 1442-1449.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.012.1442

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区域发展过程中土地利用转型及其生态环境响应研究——以江苏省为例

吕立刚1, 周生路1(), 周兵兵1, 戴靓1, 昌亭1, 鲍桂叶2, 周华1, 李志1   

  1. 1.南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210046
    2.江苏省土地勘测规划院,江苏 南京 210024
  • 收稿日期:2013-02-24 修回日期:2013-06-08 出版日期:2013-12-20 发布日期:2013-12-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:吕立刚(1984-),男,甘肃宁县人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为土地利用规划与资源环境遥感。E-mail:dg1227027@smail.nju.edu.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目(201211050)资助

Land Use Transformation and Its Eco-environmental Response in Process of the Regional Development:A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

Li-gang LU1, Sheng-lu ZHOU1(), Bing-bing ZHOU1, Liang DAI1, Ting CHANG1, Gui-ye BAO2, Hua ZHOU1, Zhi LI1   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Oceanography Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
    2. Jiangsu Land Surveying and Planning, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, China
  • Received:2013-02-24 Revised:2013-06-08 Online:2013-12-20 Published:2013-12-20

摘要:

以江苏省为例,利用1985年、1995年、2005 年和2008 年4期遥感影像解译获取的土地利用变化数据,按照“生产-生态-生活”土地利用主导功能分类,通过土地利用转移矩阵、重心转移、区域生态环境质量指数、土地利用变化类型生态贡献率等方法,定量研究江苏省土地利用功能结构转型、空间转型特征及其生态环境响应规律。研究表明:① 1985~2008年,江苏省土地利用主导功能结构变化主要表现为生产用地面积的减少,生态用地、生活用地面积的增加。主要的转化类型为农业生产用地转化为农村生活用地、城镇生活用地,牧草生态用地转化为农业生产用地。② 1985~2008年,农业生产用地、生态用地、农村生活用地空间分布的不均衡性进一步加剧,工矿生产用地空间分布的不均衡性有所缓和,城镇生活用地空间分布经历了先加剧后有所缓和的阶段。③ 1985~2008年,江苏省的生态环境质量稍有下降,其中农业生产用地被农村和城镇生活用地大量占用是生态环境质量退化的主导因素,农业生产用地转化成水域生态用地是区域生态环境改善的主要因素。

关键词: 土地利用转型, 主导功能, 生态环境质量, 区域发展, 江苏省

Abstract:

According to land use classification based on leading function of production, ecology and living, we took Jiangsu Province as a case study and made use of land use change/cover data in 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2008 respectively by remote sensing interpretation obtained from Landsat TM and ETM+. And then we quantitatively analyzed the characteristics of land functional structural and spatial transformation as well as its eco-environmental impacts. The methods discussed in the article include land use transfer matrix, gravity center model, index of regional eco-environmental quality and ecological contribution ratio of different kinds of land changes. The results show: 1) Land use changes in Jiangsu Province is chiefly manifested as the area decrease of productive land and increase of ecological and living land. Main types of transformation are the conversion from agricultural productive land into rural and urban living land, and that from water and pasture ecological land into agricultural productive land. 2) From 1985 to 2008, the imbalance of agricultural productive land, ecological land and the distribution of rural living space are further sharpened while that of mining productive land is weakened. And the imbalance of spatial distribution of urban living land is intensified at the beginning while then slow down. 3) From 1985 to 2008, the eco-environment quality of Jiangsu Province declines slightly. The critical factor of eco-environmental degradation is the large occupation of agricultural productive land by rural and urban living land and that of eco-environmental improvement is the conversion from agricultural productive land into water.

Key words: land use transformation, leading function, eco-environment quality, regional development, Jiangsu Province

中图分类号: 

  • S158.1