地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 763-768.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.06.763

• • 上一篇    

干旱区不同灌溉量下后备耕地土壤水盐动态变化规律研究

李宝富1(), 熊黑钢2(), 张建兵3, 栾福明4, 张芳5, 鲁魁锋5   

  1. 1.曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院,山东 日照 276826
    2.北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京 100083
    3.中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏 南京 210008
    4.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    5.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-10 修回日期:2013-01-15 出版日期:2013-08-20 发布日期:2013-08-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：李宝富（1983-）,男,山东临沂人,博士研究生,主要从事资源利用与生态安全研究。E-mail: lenny006@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41171165、41261049)资助

Dynamic of Soil Water-salt of Reserve Farmland in Arid Area Under Different Irrigation Conditions

Bao-fu LI1(), Hei-gang XIONG2(), Jian-bing ZHANG3, Fu-ming LUAN4, Fang ZHANG5, Kui-feng LU5   

  1. 1.Institute of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, China
    2. College of Applied Arts and Science of Beijing Union University, Beijing 100083, China
    3. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
    4. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
    5. College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
  • Received:2012-09-10 Revised:2013-01-15 Online:2013-08-20 Published:2013-08-20

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被引次数

34

摘要：

为促进后备耕地改良技术的优化和水资源的高效利用,在新疆奇台县对不同灌溉量下盐碱地土壤水盐在时间序列上的变化规律进行对比研究。试验设8个处理,对应的灌溉定额分别为：6 800 m3/hm2、5 200 m3/hm2、4 400 m3/hm2、3 600 m3/hm2、2 800 m3/hm2、2 000 m3/hm2、1 200 m3/hm2和0 m3/hm2。结果表明：灌后1~8 d,剖面土壤处于洗盐期,土壤洗盐率与灌溉量成正比;灌溉8 d后,剖面进入积盐期,浅层土壤积盐率与灌溉量呈指数关系,而深层土壤积盐率与灌溉量呈线性关系。灌后1~18 d,各处理土壤碱化现象明显,碱化程度与灌溉量呈正比。灌溉18 d后,土壤碱化现象均减弱。综合考虑高效用水、高效洗盐和低碱化的目标,研究区在灌溉高峰期（7~8月）每次灌溉的合理灌溉量应为3 600~4 400 m3/hm2。

关键词: 后备耕地, 灌溉量, 土壤水盐, 时间动态

Abstract:

According to the field survey, flood irrigation is usually used to wash salt in crop growth period (summer) and in autumn in the study area. However, it is washing salt that leads to soil secondary salinization and waste of water resources, due to the lack of technical guidance. This article makes a comparative analysis on time series variation of soil water and salt under different irrigation (6 800 m3/hm2, 5 200 m3/hm2, 4 400 m3/hm2, 3 600 m3/hm2, 2 800 m3/hm2, 2 000 m3/hm2, 1 200 m3/hm2 and 0 m3/hm2) in Qitai county, Xinjiang Province. The results show that soil profile is at washing salt period after irrigation 1-8 days and soil washing rate is proportional to irrigation volume; after irrigation 8-45 days, soil profile is at salt accumulation period and the relationship between salification rate of shallow soil and irrigation is exponential while there is linear relationship between salification rate of deeper soil and irrigation. After irrigation 1-18 days, soil alkalization is significant and alkalization degree is proportional to irrigation volume. After irrigation 18-45 days, soil alkalization decreases basically. Under 1 200-6 800 m3/hm2 irrigation amount, the depth of soil wash salt in 60-80 cm and the depth of soil accumulate salt in 140-260 cm. To realize water utilization and washing salt more efficiently and low alkalization, the irrigation volume in the study area is 3 600-4 400 m3/hm2 in the peak irrigation period (July to August).

Key words: reserve farmland, irrigation amount, soil water-salt, time dynamic

中图分类号: 

  • S152.7