关键词: 源地, 汇地, 空间格局, 空间差异, 煤炭资源流

Abstract:

This article took 31 provinces in China as the objects of study, and made analysis of the current situation of the flux of coal resources flow in every province. It ruled that all provinces which have output coal were classified as source regions, and all provinces which have input coal were classified as sink regions. In analyses, this article led into the concept of gravity centre, and next identified gravity centers of coal source regions and sink regions in 1991-2010, and finally exported space tracking maps of gravity centre points by GIS. The dynamic changes and evolution laws of gravity centers of coal source regions and sink regions were elaborated in the recent 20 years from four aspects, and the study results reflected the spatial development trends and directions of coal resources flow. The first aspect was the whole trends of coal resources flow of source regions and sink regions. The second aspect was the moving trends in longitude and latitude. The third aspect was the space length between gravity center of source regions and gravity center of sink regions in the same year and the fourth aspect was the average flow direction. In addition, statistical maps were used to investigate the characteristics of the spatial structure and dynamic evolution of coal resources flow of source regions and sink regions. And this article used a double of statistical indicators called standard deviation and variation coefficient which respectively reflected absolute and relative differences to investigate the different degrees and development trends of coal flux of source regions and sink regions from temporal series. It also revealed an imbalance of coal resources flow of source regions and sink regions from space perspective. Study results showed that gravity centers of coal source regions were mainly situated in the eastern part of Shanxi Province, and their mobile trajectory were generally rendered "u" type. However, gravity centers of coal sink regions diverted from Jiangsu to Anhui and then to Shandong, and their trajectory were generally rendered northeast-southwest "1" type. Both trajectories in longitude have emerged as a trend of slowly shifting to west. In latitude, gravity centers of coal source regions went through a transfer from north to south and then to north and gravity centers of coal sink regions notably showed a trend of moving to south in fluctuation. There was a clear separation in space between coal production space and demand space. The coal supply bases of China were mainly located in the north of the country, which formed some large output source regions and formed a certain hierarchy. The coal sink regions were mainly in the east of the line of Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Chongqing and Guizhou, and the space structure showed a trend moving toward southwest. It was obvious that coal source regions were increasingly keeping away from sink regions. The overall of source regions and sink regions was moving toward three directions composed of northwest, southwest, and southeast. The absolute difference of coal source regions was growing and their relative difference was reducing. The absolute and relative differences of coal sink regions all had no big fluctuation.

Key words: source regions, sink regions, spatial pattern, spatial differences, coal resources flow