长春市零售商业空间分布特征及形成机理

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.06.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以长春市中心城区大型零售商业网点的调研数据为基础,运用空间密度分析、最近邻距离分析及区位熵分析等研究方法,探讨长春市零售商业空间分布特征及其形成机理。研究结果表明：① 长春市零售商业网点的空间分布整体呈现单中心集聚与多中心分散特征,商业业态空间分化逐渐显现,不同业态空间分布特征差异性较大;② 零售商业网点规模容量呈现老城区小规模密集分布,外围开发区大规模离散分布特征,且商业网点的规模容量等级结构较为合理;③ 不同区块的零售行业特征存在较大差异,成熟区块表现出多行业、多功能复合特征,发展中区块单一功能特征较为明显;④ 商业业态演进及其内在特性选择、居民消费结构与行为因素影响、集聚经济效应驱动及公共政策的宏观调控共同影响零售商业空间格局的形成与发展。

关键词: 零售商业, 空间特征, 形成机理, 长春市

Abstract:

Based on 2013 survey data for large-scale commercial sites in the central district of Changchun, this article provides a detailed discussion of the spatial characteristics and formation mechanisms of retail businesses using spatial density analysis, nearest neighbor distance, and location entropy analysis. The results show that spatial distribution of retail outlets in Changchun is made up of coexisting areas of concentration in the core area and diffusion in the peripheral areas. The results also show that a spatial pattern of multi-center clustering and a spatial development trend from northeast to southwest among retail sites characterize the overall spatial distribution of retail outlets in Changchun. Different retail formats show different spatial distribution features, and the expansion of emerging formats such as chain supermarkets towards the city periphery has become a trend. The density of retail outlet distribution is higher in the inner district than that in the outer district, but the construction intensity trend is moving in the opposite direction. The hierarchical structure of the capacity size is reasonable, which is mainly reflected in the stage of gathering from the single center to multicenter. Furthermore, different blocks of the retail industry show quite different characteristics: the mature districts generally have high integrated service capacity, while the function pattern of developing districts features a more single-focus approach.

Key words: retail business, spatial characteristic, forming mechanism, Changchun

中图分类号:

F729.9

浩飞龙, 王士君. 长春市零售商业空间分布特征及形成机理[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(6): 855-862.

Feilong Hao, Shijun Wang. Spatial Characteristics and Forming Mechanisms of Retail Businesses in Changchun, China[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(6): 855-862.

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区块名称	综合零售	食品、饮料及烟草制品	纺织、服装及日用品	文化、体育用品及器材	汽车、摩托车、燃料及零配件	家用电器及电子产品	五金、家具及室内装饰材料	农、林、牧产品
人民广场区块	2.68	-	5.14	3.57	-	4.59	0.40	0.55
站前区块	0.58	1.40	1.85	1.92	-	1.10	1.71	1.78
南关区块	2.03	3.28	0.24	2.08	-	0.60	0.93	1.92
朝阳区块	1.63	1.82	1.47	1.25	-	1.79	0.56	0.38
高新区块	0.42	-	-	-	3.80	0.60	0.93	-
汽开区块	3.13	2.27	1.00	-	8.54	-	1.39	1.92
绿园区块	1.41	2.27	0.33	-	0.32	-	0.35	1.92
宽城区块	0.36	0.65	0.57	0.89	-	0.26	-	0.55
二道区块	2.50	-	0.89	-	-	5.95	12.04	2.56
经开区块	0.58	-	0.10	0.96	3.12	0.55	1.07	0.59
净月区块	-	0.57	0.33	-	-	-	0.17	0.72
最近邻指数	0.79^**	1.27^*	0.51^***	1.35^*	0.43^***	0.82^**	0.91^*	1.07
集聚程度	中度集聚	弱集聚	高度集聚	弱集聚	高度集聚	中度集聚	中度集聚	弱集聚