地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 951-958.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.06.019
收稿日期:
2015-07-13
修回日期:
2015-10-14
出版日期:
2016-10-20
发布日期:
2016-10-20
作者简介:
作者简介:胡春生(1978-),男,安徽无为人,副教授,主要从事河流地貌研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Chunsheng Hu1,2(), Li Wu1,2, Lihui Yang1,2
Received:
2015-07-13
Revised:
2015-10-14
Online:
2016-10-20
Published:
2016-10-20
Supported by:
摘要:
通过对青弋江上游泾县段阶地砾石层进行砾组分析,讨论阶地砾石层的沉积环境及其对青弋江发育的启示。结果表明:① 砾径以中砾和粗砾为主,砾石沉积时水动力条件较强,流速基本为2 m/s左右,最大可达到3.5 m/s,特别是T3砾石层形成时期;② 砾向在T3和T2砾石层形成时期分别为南南西(SSW)和南西西(SWW)方向,古流向变化不大,呈自南而北的基本流向;③ 砾态以次圆和圆为主,其总含量超过70%,较高的磨圆度暗示砾石经历了较远距离的搬运;④ 砾性主要有石英砂岩、砂岩、脉石英和石英岩,其总含量达到90%以上,且砾石物源区变化不显著;⑤ T2砾石层和T1砾石层是典型的河流沉积,而T3砾石层可能是河流沉积和泥石流沉积叠加作用的产物,并且T3砾石层的沉积特征对于分析古青弋江的发育有一定的启示作用。
中图分类号:
胡春生, 吴立, 杨立辉. 青弋江上游泾县段阶地砾石层砾组结构及其沉积环境研究[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(6): 951-958.
Chunsheng Hu, Li Wu, Lihui Yang. Gravel Fabric and Sedimentary Environment of Terrace Gravel Layers of the Upper Qingyijiang River at Jingxian County[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(6): 951-958.
表1
青弋江上游泾县段阶地砾石层砾径"
剖面 | 平均砾径 (cm) | 最大砾径 (cm) | 平均a轴 (cm) | 最大a轴 (cm) | 分选系数 S0 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T0 | 4.22 | 10.78 | 6.47 | 19 | 1.26 |
T1-1 | 3.11 | 7.23 | 4.85 | 14 | 1.31 |
T1-2 | 3.53 | 7.94 | 5.40 | 13 | 1.37 |
T2-1 | 4.04 | 8.88 | 6.42 | 15 | 1.36 |
T2-2 | 4.19 | 7.96 | 6.60 | 14 | 1.19 |
T3-1 | 3.02 | 4.70 | 4.61 | 6.50 | 1.16 |
T3-2 | 5.65 | 25.87 | 8.70 | 33 | 1.43 |
T3-3 | 2.67 | 4.88 | 4.65 | 9 | 1.25 |
T3-4 | 5.98 | 17.67 | 8.66 | 33 | 1.78 |
[1] | 丁新潮, 徐树建, 倪志超. 沉积物中砾石层的研究进展[J]. 鲁东大学学报:自然科学版, 2014, 30(3): 267-273, 288. |
[Ding Xinchao, Xu Shujian, Ni Zhichao.Research progress on gravel beds in sediments. Ludong University Journal(Natural Science Edition), 2014, 30(3): 267-273, 288.] | |
[2] | 李立文, 方邺森. 南京附近的古砾石层[J]. 地质论评, 2012, 23(2): 111-121 |
. [Li Liwen, Fang Yesen.Ancient gravel beds in the suburbs of Nanjing. Geological Review, 2012, 23(2): 111-121.] | |
[3] | 徐建辉, 谢又予. 秦岭太白山北麓砾石层的成因及第四纪古冰川问题[J]. 地理研究, 1987, 6(1): 53-60 |
. [Xu Jianhui, Xie Youyu.On the origin of gravels and Quaternary glacial at the North foot of Taibai Mountain in Qinling. Geographical Research, 1987, 6(1): 53-60.] | |
[4] | 邓健如, 徐瑞瑚, 齐国凡, 等. 新洲阳逻—黄州龙王山砾石层的砾组分析[J]. 湖北大学学报:自然科学版, 1987, (2): 81-87. |
[Deng Jianru, Xu Ruihu, Qi Guofan et al. Gravel fabric of the gravel layer in Yangluo,Xinzhou and Longwangshan, Huangzhou. Journal of Hubei University(Natural Science Edition), 1987(2): 81-87.] | |
[5] |
赵希涛, 胡道功, 张永双. 四川攀枝花昔格达组下伏砾石层成因和时代探讨与古金沙江河谷发育[J]. 地球学报, 2008, 29(1): 1-12.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-3021.2008.01.001 |
[Zhao Xitao, Hu Daogong, Zhang Yongshuang.Genesis and age of the gravels underlying the xigeda formation of panzhihua,Sichuan, China, and valley development of the ancient jinsha river. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2008, 29(1): 1-12.]
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-3021.2008.01.001 |
|
[6] | 梅惠, 李长安, 陈方明, 等. 武汉阳逻砾石层ESR地层年代学研究[J]. 地球与环境, 2009, 37(1): 56-61. |
[Mei Hui, Li Changan, Chen Fangming et al. ESR stratigraphically chronological study of the gravel layer in Yangluo town,Wuhan city. Earth and Environment, 2009, 37(1): 56-61.] | |
[7] |
李庭, 李长安, 康春国, 等. 宜昌砾石层的沉积环境及地貌意义[J]. 中国地质, 2010, 37(2): 438-445.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2010.02.017 |
[Li Ting, Li Changan, Kang Chunguo et al. Sedimentary environment and geomorphological significance of the gravel bed in Yichang. Geology in China, 2010, 37(2): 438-445.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2010.02.017 |
|
[8] |
王令占, 涂兵, 田洋, 等. 鄂西利川清江源地区高海拔砾石层的发现与分析[J].人民长江, 2011, 42(11): 1-4.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4179.2011.11.001 |
[Wang Lingzhan, Tu Bing, Tian Yang et al. Discovery and analysis of High-elevation gravel stratum in source area of Qingjiang River, Lichuan, West Hubei Province, China. Yangtze River, 2011, 42(11): 1-4.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4179.2011.11.001 |
|
[9] | 杨景春, 李有利. 地貌学原理[M] . 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2001 |
. [Yang Jingchun, Li Youli.Principle of Geomorphology . Beijing: Peking University Press, 2001.] | |
[10] | Schummstanley A, Dumont J F, Holbrook J M.Active tectonics and alluvial rivers[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. |
[11] |
胡春生, 潘保田, 高红山, 等. 最近150ka河西地区河流阶地的成因分析[J]. 地理科学,2006, 26(5): 603-608.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0690.2006.05.015 |
[Hu Chunsheng, Pan Baotian, Gao Hongshan et al. Analysis of origin of river terraces in Hexi area since 150 ka B.P. Scientia Geographic Sinica, 2006, 26(5): 603-608.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0690.2006.05.015 |
|
[12] | 胡春生,周迎秋.河流对0.8Ma B.P.环境突变事件的地貌响应研究[J]. 地理科学, 2014,34(5):614-620. |
[Hu Chunsheng, Zhou Yingqiu.Geomorphic response of the river to the environmental change event at 0.8 Ma B.P. Scientia GeographicaSinica, 2014,34(5):614-620.] | |
[13] |
Cohen KM, Stouthamer E, BerendsenJ HA. Fluvial deposits as a record for Late Quaternary neotectonic activity in the Rhine-Meuse delta, The Netherlands[J]. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences, 2002, 81(3-4): 389-405.
doi: 10.1017/S0016774600022678 |
[14] |
Bull W B.Stream-terrace Genesis:implications for soil development[J]. Geomorphology, 1990, 3(3/4): 351-367.
doi: 10.1016/0169-555X(90)90011-E |
[15] | 严钦尚, 曾昭璇. 地貌学[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社, 1985. |
[Yan Qinshang, Zeng Zhaoxuan.Geomorphology. Beijing: Higher Education Press , 1985.] | |
[16] | 吴磊伯, 沈淑敏. 海滨砾石组构分析的一个实例[J]. 地质学报, 1962, 42(4): 353-361. |
[Wu Leibai, Shen Shumin.Anexample of fabric analysis of beach gravels. Acta Geologica Sinica, 1962, 42(4): 353-361.] | |
[17] |
李容全, 刘增森. 北京地区长辛店砾石层的沉积学特征与西山地貌发育的几个问题[J]. 地理学报, 1984, 39(1): 86-96.
doi: 10.11821/xb198401010 |
[Li Rongquan, Liu Zengsen.Some problems about the relationship between the sedimentological trait of Changxindian formation and the geomorphological development of Xishan Mountain, Baijing. Acta Geographic Sinica, 1984, 39(1): 86-96.]
doi: 10.11821/xb198401010 |
|
[18] |
张倬元,陈叙伦,刘世青,等.丹棱-思濛砾石层成因与时代[J].山地学报,2000,18(增刊): 8-16
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2000.z1.002 |
.[Zhang Zhuoyuan, Chen Xulun, Liu Shiqing et al. Origin and geological age of the Danling-Simong gravel bed. Journal of Mountain Science,2000,18(Supplemant):8-16.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2786.2000.z1.002 |
|
[19] |
朱大岗, 赵希涛, 孟宪刚, 等. 念青唐古拉山主峰地区第四纪砾石层砾组分析[J].地质力学学报, 2002, 8(4): 323-332.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2002.04.006 |
[Zhu Dagang, Zhao Xitao, MengXiangang et al. Fabric analysis of gravel in Quaternary gravel beds on backbone area of Niqingtanggulashan Mountains. Journal of Geomechanics, 2002, 8(4): 323-332.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2002.04.006 |
|
[20] | 梅惠, 胡道华, 陈方明, 等. 武汉阳逻砾石层砾石统计分析研究[J]. 地球与环境, 2011, 39(1): 42-47. |
[Mei Hui, Hu Daohua, Chen Fangming et al. Study on the statistical analysis of gravels at Yangluo in Wuhan city. Earth and Environment, 2011, 39(1): 42-47.] | |
[21] |
张宜梅, 王建力, 钟俊. 重庆江北砾岩的砾石统计及其沉积环境探究[J]. 重庆师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2013, 30(1): 48-52.
doi: 10.11721/cqnuj20130111 |
[Zhang Yimei, Wang Jianli, Zhong Jun.The gravel statistics and sedimentary environment of Jiangbei conglomerate in Chongqing. Journal of Chongqing Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2013, 30(1): 48-52.]
doi: 10.11721/cqnuj20130111 |
|
[22] | 方鸿琪. 长江中下游地区的新构造运动[J]. 地质学报, 1959, 39(3): 328-343. |
[Fang Hongqi.Neotectonic movement in the middle and lower reaches of theYangtze River region. Acta Geologica Sinica, 1959, 39(3): 328-343.] | |
[23] | 严庠生, 黄志强. 皖南青弋江、水阳江地区第四纪沉积与环境变迁[J]. 徐州师范学院学报:自然科学版, 1991, 9(1): 58-64. |
[Yan Xiangsheng, Huang Zhiqiang.Quaternary sedimentation and paleoenvironmental changes of the Qingyi River area and the Shuiyang River area in the southern Anhui province. Journal of Xuzhou Teachers College, 1991, 9(1): 58-64.] | |
[24] | 严庠生. 皖南青弋江、水阳江地区地貌与新构造运动[J]. 南京师范专科学校学报, 1999, 15(4): 118-124. |
[Yan Xiangsheng.Landforms and neotectonics of the Qingyi River area and the Shuiyang River area in the southern Anhui province. Journal of Nanjing Teachers College, 1999, 15(4): 118-124.] | |
[25] | 任明达, 王乃梁. 现代沉积环境概论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1981 . |
[Ren Mingda, Wang Nailiang.Modern sedimentary environment . Beijing: Science Press, 1981.] | |
[26] | 陈建强, 周洪瑞, 王训练. 沉积学及古地理学教程[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2004 . |
[Chen Jianqiang, Zhou Hongrui, Wang Xunlian.Sedimentology and paleogeography. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2004.] | |
[27] | 安徽省区域地层表编写组.华东地区区域地层表安徽省分册[M].北京:地质出版社,1978: 197-199,216-217. |
[Compiling group of Anhui regional strata table. Regional strata table in East China: fascicule of Anhui Province. Beijing: Geology Publishing House, 1978: 197-199, 216-217.] | |
[28] |
Lee J S.Confirmatory evidence of Pleistocene glaciation from the Huangshan,southern Anhui[J]. Bulletin of Geological Society of China, 1936, 15(3): 279-284.
doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.1936.mp15003002.x |
[29] | 任振纪. “黄山冰债层”孢粉分析及古气候探讨[J]. 河北地质学院学报, 1985, (4): 57-66. |
[Ren Zhenji.A discussion on the pollen analysis and palaeoclimate of Huangshan moraine. Journal of Hebei College of Geology, 1985(4): 57-66.] | |
[30] | 周秉根, 李刚, 王结贵, 等. 黄山第四纪泥砾沉积物的成因分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 1992, 14(4): 360-365. |
[Zhou Binggen, Li Gang, Wang Jiegui et al. An analysis of the sediment formation of the Quaternary mudstone in the Mount Huangshan. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 1992, 14(4): 360-365.] | |
[31] |
周秉根. 黄山第四纪泥砾沉积物分形结构特征与沉积环境分析[J]. 地理科学, 1999, 19(1): 93-95.
doi: 10.1088/0256-307X/15/11/025 |
[Zhou Binggen.Analysis on the fractal structure features and sedimentary environment of the boulder clay of the Quaternary in Mt. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1999, 19(1): 93-95.]
doi: 10.1088/0256-307X/15/11/025 |
|
[32] | 黄培华. 黄山山麓第四纪粘土砾石层形成机制和环境的研究[J]. 地理科学, 1994, 14(3): 211-216, 295. |
[Huang Peihua.A study on the sedimentation mechanism and environments of Quaternary boulder clay deposits at piedmont in Mount Huangshan,Anhui Province. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1994, 14(3): 211-216, 295.] | |
[33] | 施雅风, 崔之久, 李吉均, 等. 中国东部第四纪冰川与环境问题[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1989: 187-192. |
[Shi Yafeng, Cui Zhijiu, Li Jijun et al. Quaternary glacial and environmental problem in eastern China . Beijing: Science Press, 1989: 187-192.] | |
[34] | 黄培华,Diffenal R F, 杨明钦,等. 黄山山地演化与环境变迁[J]. 地理科学, 1998, 18(5): 10-17. |
[Huang Peihua,Diffenal R F, Yang Mingqin et al. Mountain evolution and environmental changes of Huangshan. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1998, 18(5): 10-17.] |
[1] | 胡春生, 周迎秋. 河流对0.8 Ma B.P.环境突变事件的地貌响应研究[J]. 地理科学, 2014, 34(5): 614-620. |
[2] | 胡春生, 潘保田, 苏怀. 黄土高原0.8 Ma以来地面抬升的时空特征研究[J]. 地理科学, 2012, 32(9): 1131-1135. |
[3] | 胡春生, 潘保田, 苏怀, 李吉均. 兰州盆地黄河800kaB.P.阶地的发现及其古地磁年代[J]. 地理科学, 2009, 29(2): 278-282. |
[4] | 吕红华, 李有利, 南峰, 司苏沛. 天山北麓黄土发育特征及形成年代[J]. 地理科学, 2008, 28(3): 375-379. |
[5] | 胡小飞, 潘保田, 苏怀, 安春雷, 周天. 宛川河阶地的年代与下切机制[J]. 地理科学, 2007, 27(6): 808-813. |
[6] | 许刘兵, 周尚哲. 河流阶地形成过程及其驱动机制再研究[J]. 地理科学, 2007, 27(5): 672-677. |
[7] | 刘运明, 李有利, 吕红华, 李新坡. 从阶地砾石的统计特征看保德至克虎段河流演化[J]. 地理科学, 2007, 27(4): 567-572. |
[8] | 胡春生, 潘保田, 高红山, 徐树建. 最近150 ka河西地区河流阶地的成因分析[J]. 地理科学, 2006, 26(5): 603-608. |
[9] | 高红山, 潘保田, 邬光剑, 李吉均, 李炳元, Douglas Burbank, 业渝光. 祁连山东段河流阶地的形成时代与机制探讨[J]. 地理科学, 2005, 25(2): 197-202. |
[10] | 李有利, 杨景春. 河西走廊平原区全新世河流阶地对气候变化的响应[J]. 地理科学, 1997, 17(3): 248-252. |
[11] | 杨达源, 吴胜光, 王云飞. 黄河上游的阶地与水系变迁[J]. 地理科学, 1996, 16(2): 137-143. |
[12] | 曾永年, 马海洲, 李珍, 李玲琴. 西宁地区湟水阶地的形成与发育研究[J]. 地理科学, 1995, 15(3): 253-258,298. |
[13] | 黄培华. 黄山山麓第四纪粘土砾石层形成机制和环境的研究[J]. 地理科学, 1994, 14(3): 211-216. |
|