地理科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 416-425.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.03.012
收稿日期:
2016-03-24
修回日期:
2016-07-13
出版日期:
2017-03-20
发布日期:
2017-03-20
作者简介:
作者简介:龚胜生(1965-),男,湖南涟源人,博士,教授,博导,主要从事历史地理、医学地理和可持续发展研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Shengsheng Gong1,2(), Zimo Li1,2, Juan Hu1, Youhong Wei1
Received:
2016-03-24
Revised:
2016-07-13
Online:
2017-03-20
Published:
2017-03-20
Supported by:
摘要:
以山西省303个国家级和省级历史名村和传统村落为研究对象,采用历史时间断面方法、历史文献分析方法与GIS空间分析方法,对其空间分布与演化进行分析,结果表明:山西省古村落的形成与区域开发进程密切相关,宋代以前形成的主要分布在晋南,宋元时期形成的主要分布在晋中,明清时期形成的仍以晋中为主但晋北比重明显上升,整个历史时期总体上有由南向北推进的时序。山西古村落具有“聚盆、近水、沿边、偏中南”的空间分布特征,63.70%分布于盆地地区,67.66%分布于距河流10 km的地域,50.50%分布于省界四边的县域,晋中、晋南又分别集中了41.58%和43.89%。山西古村落主要有农耕、商贸、军事、工矿4种类型,农耕型和商贸型的分布由晋南向晋北递减,军事型的分布由晋北向晋南递减,工矿型集中分布于晋南。303个古村落中,46.53%在历史时期发生过转型,转型主要发生在明清时期,转型方式主要是农耕型转商贸型、军事型、工矿型以及军事型转商贸型、农耕型。总之,山西古村落的时空演化揭示了其由晋南向晋北、由平原向山区、由中原向塞外的区域开发过程。
中图分类号:
龚胜生, 李孜沫, 胡娟, 魏幼红. 山西省古村落的空间分布与演化研究[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(3): 416-425.
Shengsheng Gong, Zimo Li, Juan Hu, Youhong Wei. The Spatial Distribution and Evolution of Ancient Villages in Shanxi Province[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2017, 37(3): 416-425.
表2
山西省各类古村落的分布变化"
农耕型 | 商贸型 | 工矿型 | 军事型 | 累计 (个) | 转型(个) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
晋北 | 晋中 | 晋南 | 合计 | 晋北 | 晋中 | 晋南 | 合计 | 晋北 | 晋中 | 晋南 | 合计 | 晋北 | 晋中 | 晋南 | 合计 | |||
先秦 | 3 | 17 | 23 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 11 | 56 | 0 |
秦汉 | 4 | 28 | 36 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 16 | 88 | 10 |
魏晋南北朝 | 13 | 32 | 46 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 18 | 112 | 2 |
隋唐五代 | 14 | 47 | 74 | 135 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 19 | 162 | 8 |
宋辽金 | 14 | 61 | 89 | 164 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 11 | 4 | 25 | 199 | 7 |
元代 | 17 | 76 | 96 | 189 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 13 | 210 | 13 |
明代 | 12 | 59 | 50 | 121 | 5 | 48 | 60 | 113 | 0 | 6 | 15 | 21 | 22 | 5 | 1 | 28 | 283 | 110 |
清代 | 26 | 65 | 55 | 146 | 15 | 54 | 63 | 132 | 1 | 6 | 15 | 22 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 303 | 26 |
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