关键词: 人居环境, 模糊评价, 郑洛地区, 聚落遗址

Abstract:

The quantitative analysis and simulation study on the relationship between prehistoric settlement sites and natural environment has become a hot spot in the study of the relationship between human and land in the prehistoric settlement sites. This article used five indicators, landform, soil, exposure, slope and elevation, to construct the fuzzy evaluation system about prehistoric human settlement exponent in Zhengzhou-Luoyang Area, which is based on factor detection method based on geographic detector to gain the weight of every factor, according to environmental driving factors grading standard and scale value, we used trapezoid and triangle membership function to calculate the value of every factor, then we used comprehensive evaluation of the weighted average type and isometric method to gain the result of prehistoric human settlement exponent’s comprehensive level in Zhengzhou-Luoyang Area. Comprehensive level 1 for the western region of the site, the level of 2 are large number of distribution, is a Hybrid - Around the Center type, grade 3 is the northwest loess type, grade 4 is the Central Hills - Flood Alluvial Plain, grade 5 is the eastern Platform-Terrace-Plain type. Overlay them with the actual site of later period of the Yangshao distribution and distribution map of the site of the Dragon Mountain, statistics of the sites in each level, it is found that the vast majority of concentration in the middle of the class and above, the model is feasible, at the same time, the accuracy of the site was found is higher. To carry out specific analysis on comprehensive level 5 class, according to the SPSS data detection function, the nature is divided into I, II, III class, count respectively the membership degree of the five factors in the statistics of various types are calculated, and the degree of conformity and contribution of the comprehensive grade value are compared before and after the weight. It is found that the site of type I high livable degree is the highest degree of conformity with the characteristic of the slope factor of 0 degrees, and the height of the 100-200 m is the second; Type Ⅱ high degree of habitable site for elevation of 100-200 m conform to the highest degree, to high livable degree in geomorphology and soils on the coincidence degree was significantly higher than that of type I, class Ⅲ high degree livable sites representing class Ⅱ soil and topography of the highest degree of compliance. In the same livable degree, two geographical positions, in other conditions are the same, the position to meet the characteristics of II type environment than type I more new sites mining potential, and meet the needs of type III environmental features position than type II more potential. Most livable degree high or higher site distributions in the Zhengzhou-Luoyang area in northern and central regions of Yiluo river basin, is near the river interchange and along the main stream distribution.This article also respectively based on the actual site of the later period of the Yangshao and Longshan period distribution data of the level to verify the accuracy of the evaluation system. The results show that in the later period of the Yangshao, site environment index above the intermediate site ratio was 87.1%; In the period of Longshan, the site of the intermediate above proportion was 85.5%, indicated that the model of evaluation result is accurate and reliable.

Key words: human settlement, fuzzy evaluation, Zhengzhou-Luoyang Area, settlement site