岩溶盆地红土风化剖面的元素地球化学研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取云南石林红土剖面作为研究对象,探讨在岩溶盆地这一独特地貌单元中主量、稀土元素的地球化学特征。研究表明：① 云南石林土壤中主量和稀土元素的组成具有较好的一致性;② 通过对化学蚀变指数（CIA）与Na/K比值关系图以及A-CN-K（Al₂O₃-CaO*+Na₂O-K₂O）三角图分析发现：石林地区2个剖面均经历了温暖湿润环境下的强烈化学风化作用;石林地区土壤中稀土元素含量较高,其稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布模式表现出高度相似性,且继承了基岩的特征,两者均表现为Eu处负异常,但剖面CK在Ce处表现为负异常,而剖面KP在Ce处无明显变化;③ 2个剖面元素组成及含量变化基本保持一致,表明此地土壤受外来物质影响程度较小,2个剖面的元素地球化学特征与基岩存在一定相似性。

关键词: 岩溶盆地, 红土, 元素地球化学

Abstract:

Shilin is located in the east of Yunnan Province, where the red soil is widely distributed. The carbonate weathering profiles in Shilin are selected as the main studying objects. The study on the geochemical behaviors of the major elements and rare earth elements（REE）in the unique terrain about the karst basin may provide a reference for elements geochemical behaviors in the weathering crust. The results indicate that the composition of the main elements in the weathering crust in Shilin have good consistency. According to the analysis of the relationship between the chemical index of alteration (CIA) and the Na/K ratio, and the A-CN-K ternary diagram (Al₂O₃-CaO*+Na₂O-K₂O), it shows that the two profiles in Shilin have both experienced strong chemical weathering under the warm and humid environment. There is a wide variation range and a higher content about the REE total composition in Shilin. The REE content in the profiles is higher than that in the bedrock. The REE distribution patterns of two profiles show a high similarity and inherit the characteristics from the bedrock. The chondrite-noamalized distribution patterns in two profiles both show slight negative Eu-anomalies. However, the profile CK shows a negative Ce-anormal, where the profile KP has no obvious changes. The change of the composition and content of the two profiles is consistent, which indicates that the soil is less affected by the other material. There are some similarities about the element characteristics between the weathering crust and the bedrock, which have an important meaning in the study of source characteristics and in-situ weathering.

Key words: Karst basin, red soil, element geochemistry

中图分类号:

P595

张晓娟, 季宏兵, 冯晓静, 温月花, 张涛, 熊凯. 岩溶盆地红土风化剖面的元素地球化学研究[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(6): 944-951.

Xiaojuan Zhang, Hongbing Ji, Xiaojing Feng, Yuehua Wen, Tao Zhang, Kai Xiong. Element Geochemistry Characteristic of the Red Soil Weathering Profiles in the Karst Basin[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2017, 37(6): 944-951.

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剖面号	统计量	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	TFe₂O₃	K₂O	Na₂O	CaO	MgO	MnO	TiO₂	P₂O₅	CIA
CK	最大值	40.59	28.36	15.39	0.890	0.077	0.522	0.645	0.086	1.860	0.160	96.460
	最小值	34.30	23.95	14.32	0.737	0.032	0.412	0.506	0.056	1.630	0.129	95.370
	平均值	37.41	26.03	14.78	0.814	0.044	0.449	0.563	0.065	1.748	0.147	96.192
	标准偏差	1.757	1.197	0.293	0.046	0.010	0.028	0.040	0.008	0.054	0.009	0.256
	变异系数	0.047	0.046	0.020	0.056	0.236	0.063	0.071	0.116	0.031	0.060	0.003
KP	最大值	51.84	21.44	13.5	0.628	0.044	0.631	0.464	0.076	1.820	0.145	96.650
	最小值	46.16	19.07	11.47	0.543	0.027	0.247	0.403	0.039	1.660	0.102	96.210
	平均值	48.78	20.27	12.30	0.579	0.036	0.363	0.426	0.057	1.744	0.117	96.454
	标准偏差	1.958	0.704	0.558	0.029	0.004	0.133	0.019	0.013	0.044	0.012	0.128
	变异系数	0.040	0.035	0.045	0.050	0.121	0.366	0.046	0.229	0.025	0.106	0.001
上陆壳（UCC）		66.00	15.20	5.00	3.400	3.900	4.200	2.200	0.080	0.650	0.150	—