1960~2010年黑龙江省土地利用变化对气温的影响

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.06.018

地理科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 952-959.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.06.018

1960~2010年黑龙江省土地利用变化对气温的影响

张丽娟¹(), 于洋¹, 粟练灵², 郝甜甜¹, 郑红³

1.黑龙江省普通高等学校地理环境遥感监测重点实验室/哈尔滨师范大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150025
2. 堪萨斯州立大学地理信息系统空间分析实验室,堪萨斯州曼哈顿 66506
3.黑龙江省气候中心,黑龙江哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2016-07-18 修回日期:2016-09-23 出版日期:2017-06-20 发布日期:2017-06-20
作者简介:
作者简介：张丽娟（1965-）,女,河北唐山人,博士,教授,主要从事土地覆盖变化与气候变化方面的研究。E-mail: zlj19650205@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41271217）、教育部高等学校博士学科点专项基金（2013232911000）资助

Effects of Land Use Change on Air Temperature of Heilongjiang Province in 1960-2010

Lijuan Zhang¹(), Yang Yu¹, Lianling Su², Tiantian Hao¹, Hong Zheng³

1. Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geographic Environment, College of Geographical Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang, China
2. Geographic Information Systems Spatial Analysis Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, Kansas, American
3. Climate Center of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2016-07-18 Revised:2016-09-23 Online:2017-06-20 Published:2017-06-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42171217), Doctoral Program of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education(2013232911000)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于黑龙江省1960~2010年的土地利用变化,采用自然正交分解（EOF）、气候倾向率及Observation Minus Reanalysis (OMR)等方法,分析了土地利用变化对黑龙江省气温的影响。研究发现：① 1960~2010年黑龙江省耕地、建设用地、水域面积依次增加,沼泽、草地和林地依次减少。土地利用变化区域性较明显,沼泽转变为耕地集中在东部,草地转为耕地集中分布在黑龙江省西部,沼泽转为林地和林地转为耕地集中在北部,建设用地增加主要集中在南部;② 黑龙江省1960~2010年土地利用变化对年平均气温及各个季节平均气温均产生升高效应,但并不显著,对年气温的影响趋势为0.053℃/10a,贡献率为12.1%;③ 1960~2010年土地利用变化产生气温空间变化异质性,但没有改变气温纬向性空间分布特征;④ 1960~2010年,林地和沼泽的气温影响效应为升温,草地和耕地为降温,但各个季节有所差异,夏季和秋季表现出降温效应,建设用地全年及各个季节均表现出升温效应,冬季最强;林地转耕地、草地转耕地均以升温效应为主,沼泽转耕地为降温效应。

关键词: 土地利用, 气温影响, 黑龙江省

Abstract:

The article used Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF), climate trend rate, OMR and other methods to analyze the impact of land use and land change on temperature in Heilongjiang Province from 1960 to 2010. Results showed that: 1) Arable land, construction land, and the water area of Heilongjiang Province were increased, and the swamp, grassland and forest land decreased in turn from 1960 to 2010. Regional land use change was dramatic. Marshes in the east, grasslands in the west, and woodlands and swamps in the north part of Heilongjiang Province were converted into arable land. Construction land increased mainly in the south of the province. 2) Land use change of Heilongjiang Province from 1960 to 2010 caused a rise in the annual average temperature and all season’s average temperature. However, the impact is not significant, since the impact on the annual temperature trend was 0.053℃/10a, and the contribution rate of 12.10%. 3) Land use change generated spatial heterogeneity of temperature change, but did not change the temperature zonal spatial distribution. 4) Woodlands and marshes caused increasing temperature effects, while grasslands and farmlands caused decreasing temperature effects. However, each season is different. Summer and autumn showed cooling temperatures. Annual construction lands and all seasons showed warming temperatures with the highest value in winter. Forests converted into cropland and grassland showed warming temperature effect. Swamps converted to farmlands showed cooling temperature effect. Compared with existing research, the main contribution of this article is to highlight the corresponding relationship of land use and spatial temperature effect.

Key words: land use change, air temperature effect, Heilongjiang Province

中图分类号:

F129.9

张丽娟, 于洋, 粟练灵, 郝甜甜, 郑红. 1960~2010年黑龙江省土地利用变化对气温的影响[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(6): 952-959.

Lijuan Zhang, Yang Yu, Lianling Su, Tiantian Hao, Hong Zheng. Effects of Land Use Change on Air Temperature of Heilongjiang Province in 1960-2010[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2017, 37(6): 952-959.

图/表 10

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年份		2010年
年份	地类	草地	耕地	水域	沼泽	林地	建设	其它	总和
1960年	草地	3423.609	27817.459	1329.899	2822.442	7170.445	1557.437	257.319	44378.610
	耕地	1592.768	72630.917	924.566	2029.165	8199.561	5109.573	124.084	90610.634
	水域	229.792	1506.462	2726.8	968.011	862.367	143.972	86.976	6524.380
	沼泽	5127.6	51687.601	2274.237	12096.157	23715.109	2470.065	186.149	97556.918
	林地	6522.702	22776.054	834.809	13494.639	165708.207	1666.542	37.238	211040.191
	建设	28.029	760.290	33.980	56.741	112.605	601.130	3.959	1596.734
	其它	13.113	281.987	17.584	18.170	32.166	16.540	2.301	381.861
	总和	16937.613	177460.770	8141.875	31485.325	205800.460	11565.259	698.026	452089.328
2010~1960年差值		-27440.977	86850.136	1617.495	-66071.593	-5239.731	9968.525	316.165
增加比例(%)		-61.834	95.850	24.792	-67.726	-2.483	624.307	82.796

	全年	春	夏	秋	冬
实测	0.438^**	0.393^*	0. 348^**	0.419^**	0. 565^*
再分析	0.385^**	0.258	0.369^**	0.365 ^**	0.547^**
实测减再分析	0.053	0.135	-0.021	0.054	0.018

地表反照率	耕地	林地	草地	水域	沼泽	建设用地	其他
全年	0.299	0.26	0.298	0.295	0.291	0.317	0.308
春季	0.272	0.245	0.259	0.264	0.282	0.273	0.259
夏季	0.176	0.19	0.178	0.164	0.183	0.178	0.179
秋季	0.261	0.203	0.229	0.206	0.222	0.217	0.218
冬季	0.487	0.320	0.301	0.496	0.477	0.319	0.376

1960~2010年黑龙江省土地利用变化对气温的影响

Effects of Land Use Change on Air Temperature of Heilongjiang Province in 1960-2010

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