全球化背景下在华跨国移民社区的空间生产——广州远景路韩国人聚居区的案例研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.07.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用问卷和半结构化访谈的方法,梳理了远景路从城中村到跨国移民社区的空间生产过程。研究显示,广州远景路已形成以韩商为主的贸易产业链和韩国人与本地村民、外来人口混居的跨国移民社区,其中白云区政府、投资开发商和韩商三者共同参与,推动了远景路韩国人聚居区的空间形成。

关键词: 跨国移民社区, 空间生产, 城中村, 韩国人, 广州远景路

Abstract:

Against the context of high-speed economic growth in China, the number of South Koreans who have expatriated to China soared over the last two decades. This increase has made China the third largest destination for South Korean Transmigrants among all nations, following only USA and Japan. The South Korean transmigrants mainly lived in major metropolises such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai. With the population growth of South Korean transmigrants in Chinese cities, now many South Korean enclaves have established and attracted attention both in China and abroad. However, compared to the foreign enclaves in Beijing and Shanghai coming from immigration policy and specific districts such as the economic and technological development zone, and embassy District, Yuanjing Road in Guangzhou got rid of the mark of impoverished urban village (Tangxia village) in Baiyun district, and transformed into a South Korean enclave mainly resided by South Korean traders. Based on the theory of production of space, this research sheds light upon the Yuanjing Road, taking it as a case to examine the production of space of this South Korean enclave, and first-hand data were gathered from questionnaires and interviews in February, May,October 2015 and September 2016. In the context of commodity chains and regional divisions of labor in an age of globalization, and transnational entrepreneurialism booming in Guangzhou, the local government took advantage of the situation that some South Korean traders have assembled in Yuanjing Road, and then put forward the construction of a Korean town at Yuanjing Road. Also, the local government, associating with investors, reconstructed the material space of the Yuanjing Road. At the same time, the South Korean traders strengthened their living and working foundation in the Yuanjing Road through three factors: the location advantage (next to some wholesale trade markets), social network connected to transnational trade chain, and Korean ethnic economy. Therefore, the South Korean traders succeed in occupying the space of the Yuanjing Road, and in redeveloping the social relations there. In summary, this study found that the Yuanjing Road’s transformation from an urban village to a South Korean enclave is a joint product of the local government, investors, and South Korean traders. As the result of production of space, the Yuanjing Road has become the place of transnational trade chain between China and South Korea, also the living space of diversify groups including the South Korean transmigrants, villagers, and migrant populations. The production of space of South Korean enclave in the Yuanjing Road, gives us a valuable lesson of the urban villages’ reconstruction in China, and also introduced ideas for immigration management to Guangzhou.

Key words: international community, production of space, urban village, South Korean transmigrants, the Yuanjing Road of Guangzhou

中图分类号:

K901.2

刘云刚, 周雯婷, 黄徐璐, 全志英. 全球化背景下在华跨国移民社区的空间生产——广州远景路韩国人聚居区的案例研究[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(7): 976-986.

Yungang Liu, Wenting Zhou, Xulu Huang, Jeon Ji-Young. Production of Space of South Korean Enclave in Yuanjing Road, Guangzhou[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2017, 37(7): 976-986.

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No.	性别	年龄	出生地	职业	月收入（元）	来穗时间	访谈时长(min)
1	男	31	首尔	物流公司职员	-	2014	30
2	女	26	首尔	贸易商	≈25000	2008	60
3	男	29	首尔	贸易商	≈20000	2012	30
4	男	33	首尔	物流公司职员	>15000	2010	30
5	女	28	庆尚南道	物流公司职员	≈15000	2013	35
6	男	28	首尔	贸易公司职员	≈15000	2010	35
7	女	25	首尔	贸易公司职员	≈10000	2013	30
8	男	28	首尔	贸易公司职员	15000	2010	40
9	男	55	首尔	物流公司经营者	≈10000	2008	60+30
10	男	62	首尔	物流公司经营者	≈20000	2003	45+30
11	男	39	辽宁	眼镜店老板	>10000	2008	60
12	男	56	广东	棠下村民	-	-	30
13	男	45	广东	棠下村民	-	-	45
14	男	50	广东	安保人员	≈3000	-	45
15	男	42	山东	五金店老板	-	1999	30
16	男	58	-	物业顾问	-	-	50
17	男	24	广东	物业顾问	-	-	35
18	男	35	-	物业顾问	≈3000	-	30
19	男	43	广东	街道办职员	-	-	50

居住区	韩国租户占比（%）	租金价格（元）	小区配置	投资开发商	开盘时间	访谈对象
翠逸家园	25	3000~5000	多层花园洋房,小高层洋房, 电梯房,绿化率35%	时代集团	2001年	合富置业物业顾问
万方园	30	2000~4000	小高层洋房,多层洋房（不带电梯）, 绿化率20%	鸿云地产	2000年	中原地产物业顾问
远景花园	10	3000~5000	小高层普通住宅,电梯房	远景四社	2002年	满堂红地产经纪人
美景苑	5	3000~4000	小高层普通住宅,电梯房	村经济联社	1999年	中原地产物业顾问

分类	群体	选择人数	百分比(%)
朋友	韩国朋友	23	69.7
	中国朋友	11	33.3
生意伙伴	韩国生意伙伴	6	18.2
	中国生意伙伴	8	24.2
同事	韩国同事	7	21.2
	中国同事	5	15.2
社团	韩国社团成员	11	33.3
	中国社团成员	2	6.1
亲戚	韩国亲戚	4	12.1
邻居	韩国邻居	4	12.1
	中国邻居	2	6.1
其他	中国网友	1	3.0
	甚少交往	1	3.0