关键词: 资源型城市, 人口, 东北地区

Abstract:

With keeping a high-speed growth since reform policy, resource-based cities in Northeast China have encountered both social and economic changes caused by internal transition as well as external factors. As one of the main factors that effect the cities transition development, it is important to strenghen research on population distribution charateristics of resource-based cities, to provide scientific supports for both resource allocation and policy making. This article aims to reveal the population spatial distribution of the northeast resource-based cities during the transition developing process. The study constructs indicators for the population, economy, society, and environment based on the sustainable development theory with referring data. The spatial-temporal pattern and the effects of other factors are examined at the city level in resource-based cities in Northeast China from 2000 to 2014. The key conclusions of this study are as follows: 1) Nearly 75% of resource-based cities, population agglomeration levels declined in the Northeast during transition process. Yichun lost much more population than other places,while Daqing’s attracting ability kept being the strongest. According to the resource attribution, coal cities are qualitified capable of attracting population than mining cities, and the forest cities are the worst. 2) Four stages of population change can be identified according to their unbalanced coefficient values. The first stage was from 2000 to 2002, the level went smoothly without big fluctuation. In 2003-2005, the unbalanced situation accelerated with the resource-based cities’ population moving activity became stronger. During the third time, under the government financial help, the population agglomeration ability of resource-based cities decaresed slowly. However, the situation did not turn well after 2013, many people prefered to go outside searching more opportunities. 3) The development of a service industry, traffic transportation, medical treatment, social insurance and environmental quality were found to make significant contributions to the population development during the transition process in resource-based cities; however, income level and education were not found to be as effective as other factors. Overall, the population change in the resource-based cities matches with the economic transition process. In the future, applying the innovation, increasing the income, and upgrading management systems can enlarge the capacity of attracting people for the resource-based cities. Additionally, government and enterprises should also change their traditional planning models, implement well-directed measures and solve the historical problems such as laid-off workers’ social insurance gradually and moderately by taking a sufficient consideration of both inside and outside circumstances.

Key words: resource-based cities, population, Northeast China