地理科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 548-556.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.04.008
林琳1,2(), 郝珊1, 杨莹1(
), 钟志平1, 蒙美昀1, 田嘉铄1
收稿日期:
2017-06-02
修回日期:
2017-08-10
出版日期:
2018-04-20
发布日期:
2018-04-20
作者简介:
作者简介:林琳(1964-),女,广东中山人,教授,博导,主要研究领域为社区老龄化、健康地理等。E-mail:
基金资助:
Lin Lin1,2(), Shan Hao1, Ying Yang1(
), Zhiping Zhong1, Meiyun Meng1, Jiashuo Tian1
Received:
2017-06-02
Revised:
2017-08-10
Online:
2018-04-20
Published:
2018-04-20
Supported by:
摘要:
基于能力-压力模型,运用多项logistic回归模型分析广州5个社区老年人个人能力与环境压力对其自评健康的影响,并对模型进行验证。结果表明:①社区共分为能力较高型、能力略高型、能力压力相当型和压力略高型4种类型。②能力较高型的中大社区位于边缘区,制约老年人自评健康的主要因素是退休前职业类型和受教育程度;能力略高型的龙口西社区位于最舒适区,促进老年人自评健康的主要因素是收入水平和住房质量;能力压力相当型的里仁洞村和耀华社区位于最大潜能区,制约老年人自评健康的主要因素是住房质量和社区绿化;压力略高型的新基村位于适应不良区,制约老年人自评健康的主要因素是月收入和有无独立卧室。③各类社区老年人能力压力状况与自评健康的关联性,符合能力-压力模型中老年人与环境适应分区。广州案例研究提供了老年人与环境适应理论研究的中国案例,有助于推进能力-压力模型的本土化探索。
中图分类号:
林琳, 郝珊, 杨莹, 钟志平, 蒙美昀, 田嘉铄. 老年人自评健康的能力-压力模型研究——以广州社区为例[J]. 地理科学, 2018, 38(4): 548-556.
Lin Lin, Shan Hao, Ying Yang, Zhiping Zhong, Meiyun Meng, Jiashuo Tian. Self-rated Health of the Elderly Based on the Competence-press Model: A Case Study on Guangzhou Typical Communities[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2018, 38(4): 548-556.
表2
样本描述性统计"
变量 | 龙口西 (人)/占 比(%) | 中大(人)/ 占比(%) | 里仁洞 (人)/占 比(%) | 耀华(人)/ 占比(%) | 新基(人)/ 占比(%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 | 60~64 | 56/35.0 | 26/15.1 | 36/33.3 | 26/21.3 | 40/39.0 |
65~69 | 40/25.0 | 40/23.3 | 38/35.2 | 18/14.8 | 23/22.0 | |
70~74 | 34/21.3 | 42/24.4 | 12/11.1 | 26/21.3 | 13/12.2 | |
75~79 | 14/8.8 | 32/18.6 | 10/9.3 | 18/14.8 | 10/9.8 | |
>80 | 16/10.0 | 32/18.6 | 12/11.1 | 34/27.9 | 17/16.5 | |
性别 | 男 | 70/43.8 | 94/54.7 | 46/42.6 | 74/60.7 | 53/51.2 |
女 | 90/56.3 | 78/45.3 | 62/57.4 | 48/39.3 | 50/48.8 |
表3
全样本多项logistic回归"
自评健康 | 自变量 | Sig. | Exp(B) | 自评健康 | 自变量 | Sig. | Exp(B) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
良好 | 截距 | 0.000 | 一般 | 截距 | 0.034 | ||
月收入 | 0.000** | 2.093 | 月收入 | 0.000** | 2.019 | ||
受教育程度 | 0.004** | 0.760 | 受教育程度 | 0.021** | 0.757 | ||
职业类型 | 0.000** | 0.312 | 职业类型 | 0.069* | 0.549 | ||
住房质量 | 0.000** | 0.646 | 住房质量 | 0.003** | 0.630 | ||
有无电梯 | 0.040** | 0.646 | 有无电梯 | 0.122 | 0.658 | ||
有无独立卧室 | 0.010** | 0.383 | 有无独立卧室 | 0.014** | 0.242 | ||
社区空气质量 | 0.003** | 1.489 | 社区空气质量 | 0.000** | 1.758 | ||
社区绿化情况 | 0.000** | 0.518 | 社区绿化情况 | 0.695 | 1.066 | ||
与家人关系 | 0.000** | 0.448 | 与家人关系 | 0.001** | 0.501 | ||
与邻居关系 | 0.315 | 0.882 | 与邻居关系 | 0.378 | 0.867 |
表4
各社区多项logistic回归结果"
自评健康 | 自变量 | Exp | 自评健康 | 自变量 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
能力较高型 | 能力较高型 | ||||||||
良好 | 截距 | -3.059 | 0.002 | 一般 | 截距 | -5.653 | 0.000 | ||
月收入 | 1.845 | 0.000** | 6.328 | 月收入 | 1.882 | 0.000** | 6.567 | ||
受教育程度 | -1.302 | 0.000** | 0.272 | 受教育程度 | -0.959 | 0.015** | 0.383 | ||
职业类型 | -1.501 | 0.065* | 0.223 | 职业类型 | -1.651 | 0.121 | 0.192 | ||
能力略高型 | 能力略高型 | ||||||||
良好 | 截距 | 1.287 | 0.113 | 一般 | 截距 | -0.533 | 0.633 | ||
月收入 | 0.583 | 0.012** | 1.792 | 月收入 | 0.878 | 0.004** | 2.407 | ||
住房质量 | -0.747 | 0.001** | 0.474 | 住房质量 | -0.674 | 0.038** | 0.510 | ||
与家人关系 | -0.782 | 0.007** | 0.458 | 与家人关系 | -0.922 | 0.039* | 0.398 | ||
能力压力相当型 | 能力压力相当型 | ||||||||
良好 | 截距 | 3.385 | 0.001 | 一般 | 截距 | 0.675 | 0.565 | ||
月收入 | 0.753 | 0.001** | 2.122 | 月收入 | 0.401 | 0.136 | 1.493 | ||
受教育程度 | 0.328 | 0.083* | 1.388 | 受教育程度 | 0.429 | 0.042** | 1.536 | ||
住房质量 | -1.130 | 0.000** | 0.323 | 住房质量 | -0.992 | 0.000** | 0.371 | ||
社区绿化 | -0.894 | 0.000** | 0.409 | 社区绿化 | -0.012 | 0.962 | 0.988 | ||
压力略高型 | 压力略高型 | ||||||||
良好 | 截距 | 1.478 | 0.394 | 一般 | 截距 | -5.640 | 1.906 | ||
月收入 | 1.594 | 0.004** | 4.924 | 月收入 | 1.867 | 0.004** | 6.472 | ||
有无独立卧室 | -2.141 | 0.056* | 0.118 | 有无独立卧室 | 0.796 | 0.319 | 2.216 | ||
与邻居关系 | -1.380 | 0.029** | 0.252 | 与邻居关系 | 0.456 | 0.292 | 1.578 |
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