地理科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 41-51.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2019.01.005
收稿日期:
2018-01-31
修回日期:
2018-05-06
出版日期:
2019-01-10
发布日期:
2019-01-10
作者简介:
曹小曙(1970-), 男, 甘肃灵台人, 教授, 博导, 主要从事地理与规划研究。E-mail: 基金资助:
Xiaoshu Cao1,Feiwen Liang2(),Huiling Chen3
Received:
2018-01-31
Revised:
2018-05-06
Online:
2019-01-10
Published:
2019-01-10
Supported by:
摘要:
以交通网络出行迂回作为交通网络效率分析的切入点,选取形状指数、紧凑度作为空间形态分析指标,对特大城市空间形态布局进行类型划分,并挖掘各城市交通网络效率空间分布差异特征,基于多元回归模型剖析中国各特大城市空间形态布局与交通网络效率之间的影响关系。研究表明:① 5种类型城市交通效率高低分布差异明显,紧凑圆形城市边缘区交通网络效率较低,而非紧凑带形交通效率低的区域多分布于城市核心区,紧凑方形城市交通网络效率高地区分布较为集中,而非紧凑方形交通效率低的地区分布较为分散,紧凑带形城市面积越小则交通效率越高。② 就城市空间布局与交通网络效率影响关系而言,随着城市形状指数的增大,城市交通迂回值未进一步增大,说明城市形态布局接近圆形均匀分布时,其城市交通网络效率较高;随着城市紧凑度值的增加,城市交通迂回程度值亦不断增加,说明城市形态布局程度越紧密,反而其交通网络效率越低,当城市形态布局紧密程度适中时,交通网络效率水平较高。
中图分类号:
曹小曙,梁斐雯,陈慧灵. 特大城市空间形态差异对交通网络效率的影响[J]. 地理科学, 2019, 39(1): 41-51.
Xiaoshu Cao,Feiwen Liang,Huiling Chen. Influence of Different Spatial Forms for Metropolitans on Transportation Network Efficiency[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2019, 39(1): 41-51.
表1
16大城市基本信息"
序号 | 城市名称 | 常住人口 (万人) | 市辖区面积(km2) | 中心区面积(km2) | 序号 | 城市名称 | 常住人口(万人) | 市辖区面积(km2) | 中心区面积(km2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 重庆 | 1908.45 | 34 505 | 1329 | 9 | 苏州 | 802.24 | 4653 | 458 |
2 | 北京 | 1879.60 | 16410.54 | 1401 | 10 | 东莞 | 736.42 | 2460 | 929 |
3 | 天津 | 1295.47 | 11946.88 | 870 | 11 | 佛山 | 708.58 | 3798 | 373 |
4 | 上海 | 1239.60 | 6340 | 1499.83 | 12 | 杭州 | 700.13 | 4876 | 506 |
5 | 广州 | 1208.58 | 7434.4 | 1237 | 13 | 南京 | 678.14 | 6587 | 755 |
6 | 成都 | 1123.81 | 3240 | 616 | 14 | 西安 | 648.54 | 3874 | 501 |
7 | 深圳 | 924.96 | 1997.3 | 900 | 15 | 沈阳 | 586.50 | 3471 | 465 |
8 | 武汉 | 858.82 | 1738 | 455 | 16 | 哈尔滨 | 551.10 | 10198 | 428 |
表 2
16个特大城市空间形态布局指标值"
序号 | 城市名称 | 城市形状 | 形状指数 | 紧凑度 | 序号 | 城市名称 | 城市形状 | 形状指数 | 紧凑度 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 天津 | 圆形 | 0.793 | 0.374 | 9 | 佛山 | 带形 | 0.414 | 0.507 |
2 | 上海 | 圆形 | 0.762 | 0.583 | 10 | 哈尔滨 | 带形 | 0.414 | 0.241 |
3 | 成都 | 方形 | 0.542 | 0.501 | 11 | 武汉 | 带形 | 0.406 | 0.268 |
4 | 西安 | 方形 | 0.535 | 0.383 | 12 | 东莞 | 带形 | 0.357 | 0.450 |
5 | 广州 | 方形 | 0.492 | 0.566 | 13 | 南京 | 带形 | 0.271 | 0.358 |
6 | 北京 | 方形 | 0.460 | 0.587 | 14 | 杭州 | 带形 | 0.207 | 0.232 |
7 | 沈阳 | 带形 | 0.427 | 0.348 | 15 | 深圳 | 带形 | 0.136 | 0.152 |
8 | 苏州 | 带形 | 0.417 | 0.305 | 16 | 重庆 | 带形 | 0.104 | 0.137 |
表 3
16个特大城市交通网络效率(迂回值)等级占比(%)"
序号 | 城市名称 | 1~1.050 | 1.051~1.100 | 1.101~1.150 | 1.151~1.200 | 1.201~1.250 | 1.251~1.300 | ≥1.301 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 天津 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 1.20 | 48.26 | 40.70 | 7.08 | 2.52 |
2 | 上海 | 0.35 | 0.12 | 9.11 | 63.44 | 24.57 | 1.15 | 1.27 |
3 | 成都 | 0.46 | 0.00 | 17.73 | 68.02 | 9.72 | 2.17 | 1.90 |
4 | 西安 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.01 | 12.34 | 58.22 | 24.09 | 3.35 |
5 | 广州 | 7.79 | 30.45 | 36.15 | 17.46 | 5.41 | 2.09 | 0.65 |
6 | 北京 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.67 | 22.72 | 69.76 | 5.78 | 0.94 |
7 | 沈阳 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 8.06 | 65.35 | 23.27 | 2.94 | 0.38 |
8 | 苏州 | 3.19 | 0.00 | 1.77 | 26.37 | 42.30 | 12.04 | 14.34 |
9 | 佛山 | 1.02 | 0.00 | 2.49 | 16.23 | 54.39 | 17.40 | 8.48 |
10 | 哈尔滨 | 0.00 | 0.47 | 2.95 | 53.33 | 29.46 | 7.60 | 6.20 |
11 | 武汉 | 4.78 | 49.24 | 38.59 | 5.12 | 1.17 | 0.25 | 0.84 |
12 | 东莞 | 0.71 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 42.83 | 41.95 | 11.28 | 3.12 |
13 | 南京 | 1.01 | 0.13 | 8.69 | 49.12 | 32.62 | 5.92 | 2.52 |
14 | 杭州 | 0.79 | 0.40 | 10.65 | 71.38 | 13.12 | 2.23 | 1.43 |
15 | 深圳 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 13.51 | 62.74 | 20.08 | 2.90 | 0.77 |
16 | 重庆 | 0.62 | 0.15 | 10.60 | 34.13 | 32.97 | 13.08 | 8.44 |
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